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食品安全国家标准 食品接触材料及制品 顺丁烯二酸及其酸酐迁移量的测定
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GB 31604.40-2016
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标准编号: GB 31604.40-2016 (GB31604.40-2016) 中文名称: 食品安全国家标准 食品接触材料及制品 顺丁烯二酸及其酸酐迁移量的测定 英文名称: Food contact materials -- Polymer -- Determination of maleic acid and maleic anhydride in food simulants -- High performance liquid chromatography 行业: 国家标准 中标分类: X09 字数估计: 8,820 发布日期: 2016-10-19 实施日期: 2017-04-19 旧标准 (被替代): GB/T 23296.21-2009 标准依据: 国家卫生和计划生育委员会公告2016年第15号
GB 31604.40-2016: 食品安全国家标准 食品接触材料及制品 顺丁烯二酸及其酸酐迁移量的测定
GB 31604.40-2016 英文名称: Food contact materials -- Polymer -- Determination of maleic acid and maleic anhydride in food simulants -- High performance liquid chromatography
1 范围
本标准规定了食品接触材料及制品中顺丁烯二酸及其酸酐迁移量的测定方法。
本标准适用于食品模拟物中顺丁烯二酸总量的测定。
2 原理
顺丁烯二酸酐遇水转变为顺丁烯二酸,通过测定顺丁烯二酸的含量来间接获得顺丁烯二酸及其酸
酐的迁移量。试样经过浸泡后,水基食品模拟物直接进样,油基食品模拟物经碳酸氢钠溶液提取和C18固相萃取小柱净化后,以高效液相色谱法测定。采用反相色谱柱分离,紫外检测器检测,外标法定量。
3 试剂和材料
除非另有说明,本方法所用试剂均为分析纯,水为GB/T 6682规定的一级水。试验中容器及转移
器具应避免使用塑料材质。
3.1 试剂
3.1.1 甲醇(CH4O):色谱纯。
3.1.2 磷酸(H3PO4)。
3.1.3 碳酸氢钠(NaHCO3)。
3.1.4 配制水性、酸性、酒精类、油基食品模拟物所需试剂:所用试剂依据GB 31604.1的规定。
3.2 试剂配制
3.2.1 水基、酸性、酒精类、油基食品模拟物:按照GB 5009.156的规定配制。
3.2.2 1%碳酸氢钠溶液:称取1.0g(精确至0.1g)碳酸氢钠溶于100mL水中,混匀备用。
3.3 标准品
顺丁烯二酸(C4H4O4,CAS号:110-16-7):纯度>99.0%。
3.4 标准溶液配制
3.4.1 顺丁烯二酸储备液(5000mg/L):准确称取顺丁烯二酸标准品500mg(精确至0.1mg),用无水
乙醇溶解并转移至100mL容量瓶中,加入无水乙醇定容,摇匀。0℃~4℃下保存,有效期为2个月。
3.4.2 顺丁烯二酸标准溶液:吸取0mL、0.500mL、1.00mL、2.00mL、5.00mL、10.0mL顺丁烯二酸储备液于6个50mL容量瓶中,用无水乙醇定容至刻度,摇匀,顺丁烯二酸浓度分别为0.00mg/L、50.0mg/L、100mg/L、200mg/L、500mg/L、1000mg/L。
3.4.3 标准工作溶液的制备
3.4.3.1 水基、酸性食品、酒精类食品模拟物标准工作溶液
吸取不同浓度的顺丁烯二酸标准溶液1.00mL于25mL容量瓶中,加入食品模拟物水至刻度,混匀,使得食品模拟物水中顺丁烯二酸浓度分别为0.00mg/L、2.00mg/L、4.00mg/L、8.00mg/L、20.0mg/L、40.0mg/L。采用同样方式,分别用对应水基、酸性食品、酒精类食品模拟物配制同样浓度系列的顺丁烯二酸标准工作溶液。
3.4.3.2 油基食品模拟物标准工作溶液
称取25g油基食品模拟物(精确到0.1g)于6个分液漏斗中,加入1.00mL不同浓度的顺丁烯二酸标准溶液,混匀,使得油基食品模拟物中顺丁烯二酸浓度分别为0.00mg/kg、2.00mg/kg、4.00mg/kg、8.00mg/kg、20.0mg/kg、40.0mg/kg,加入25mL1%碳酸氢钠溶液,振荡5min,静置分层,移取下层水溶液,用C18固相萃取小柱过滤,取1.0mL滤出液经0.45μm滤膜过滤于进样瓶中,待上机测定。
4 仪器和设备
4.1 高效液相色谱仪:配置二极管阵列检测器或紫外检测器。
4.2 电热恒温干燥箱。
4.3 分析天平:感量为1.0mg和0.1mg。
4.4 涡旋振荡器。
4.5 C18固相萃取小柱:柱填料为500mg。
5 分析步骤
5.1 食品模拟物试液的制备
5.1.1 迁移试验
按照GB 5009.156及31604.1的要求,对样品进行迁移试验,得到食品模拟物试液。
5.1.2 浸泡液的处理
5.1.2.1 水基食品模拟物试液的制备(包括蒸馏水、4%乙酸、酒精模拟物)
取迁移试验中得到的水基食品模拟物约1.5mL,通过0.45μm 滤膜过滤后供测定用,平行制样2份。
5.1.2.2 油基食品模拟物
准确称取25g(精确至0.1g)油基食品模拟物浸泡液于分液漏斗中,加入25mL1%碳酸氢钠溶液,振荡5min,静置分层,移取下层水溶液,用C18固相萃取小柱过滤,取1.0mL滤出液经0.45μm滤膜过滤于进样瓶中,待上机测定。样液可根据具体情况进行稀释,使其测定值在标准曲线的线性范围内。
5.1.3 空白试液的制备
按5.1.2处理未与食品接触材料接触的食品模拟物。
5.2 测定
5.2.1 液相色谱参考条件
a) 色谱柱:C18,柱长250mm,内径4.6mm,粒径5μm,或同等性能的色谱柱;b) 流动相:甲醇-0.1%磷酸水溶液 (20∶80,体积比);
c) 流速:0.8mL/min;
d) 检测波长:214nm;
e) 柱温:30℃;
f) 进样量:5μL。
5.2.2 标准曲线的制作
按5.2.1所列参考测定条件,对标准工作溶液(3.4.3.1、3.4.3.2)进行检测。以食品模拟物标准工作曲线中顺丁烯二酸浓度为横坐标,以顺丁烯二酸峰面积值为纵坐标,绘制标准工作曲线,得到线性方程,以试样的顺丁烯二酸峰面积值标准曲线定量。标准溶液色谱图见附录A。
5.2.3 试液的测定
按照5.2.1所列参考测定条件,对空白试液和食品模拟物试液依次进样,采用外标校准曲线法定量测定。
6 分析结果的表述
由标准曲线得到试样溶液中顺丁烯二酸的浓度,按GB 5009.156进行迁移量计算,得到食品接触材料及制品中顺丁烯酸的迁移量。计算结果保留三位有效数字。
7 精密度
在重复性条件下获得的两次独立测定结果的绝对差值不得超过算术平均值的10%。
8 其他
本方法对水基、酸性食品、酒精类食品中顺丁烯二酸的检出限为0.5mg/L,定量限为2.0mg/L;对于油基食品模拟物,检出限为0.5mg/kg,定量限为2.0mg/kg。
GB 31604.40-2016
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
National Food Safety Standard -
Food Contact Materials and Articles - Determination of
Migration of Maleic Acid and Its Acid Anhydride
ISSUED ON. OCTOBER 19, 2016
IMPLEMENTED ON. APRIL 19, 2017
Issued by. National Health and Family Planning Commission of the PRC
Table of Contents
Foreword . 3
1 Scope .. 4
2 Principles . 4
3 Reagents and materials .. 4
4 Instruments and equipment . 6
5 Analytical procedures . 6
6 Analysis results expression . 7
7 Precision. 8
8 Others . 8
Appendix A High performance liquid chromatograms of maleic acid . 9
Foreword
This Standard replaces GB/T 23296.21-2009 “Food contact materials - Polymer
- Determination of maleic acid and maleic anhydride in food simulants - High
performance liquid chromatography”.
As compared with GB/T 23296.21-2009, the main changes of this Standard are
as follows.
- The Standard’s name is “National Food Safety Standard - Food Contact
Materials and Articles - Determination of Migration of Maleic Acid and Its
Acid Anhydride”;
- MODIFY the conditions for high performance liquid chromatography;
- MODIFY the limit of detection.
National Food Safety Standard -
Food Contact Materials and Articles - Determination of
Migration of Maleic Acid and Its Acid Anhydride
1 Scope
This Standard specifies the method for determination of migration of maleic acid
and its acid anhydride in food contact materials and articles.
This Standard applies to the determination of the total amount of maleic acid in
food simulants.
2 Principles
Maleic anhydride, in the presence of water, turns into maleic acid. By
determining the content of maleic acid, the migration of maleic acid and its acid
anhydride is indirectly obtained. After the sample is soaked, water-based food
simulants are injected directly. Oil-based food simulants, after being extracted
by sodium bicarbonate solution and purified by C18 solid-phase extraction
cartridge, are determined by high performance liquid chromatography. ADOPT
reversed-phase chromatographic column to separate; ultraviolet detector to
detect; external standard method to quantify.
3 Reagents and materials
Unless otherwise stated, the reagents used in this method are analytically pure;
the water is the Grade I water specified in GB/T 6682. During the test,
containers and transfer instruments shall avoid the use of plastic material.
3.1 Reagents
3.1.1 Methanol (CH4O). chromatographically pure.
3.1.2 Phosphoric acid (H3PO4).
3.1.3 Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3).
3.1.4 Reagents required for the preparation of water-based, acidic, alcohol-
food simulants is 0.00 mg/kg, 2.00 mg/kg, 4.00 mg/kg, 8.00 mg/kg, 20.0 mg/kg,
and 40.0 mg/kg, respectively. ADD 25 mL of 1% sodium bicarbonate solution;
SHAKE for 5 min; LET stand for layering; PIPETTE the lower-layer aqueous
solution; USE C18 solid-phase extraction cartridge to filter; TAKE 1.0 mL of the
filtrate, through a 0.45 μm filter membrane, FILTER it in injection bottle; to be
determined by the machine.
4 Instruments and equipment
4.1 High performance liquid chromatography. equipped with diode array
detector or ultraviolet detector.
4.2 Electrothermal constant-temperature dry box.
4.3 Analytical balance. The sensitivity is 1.0 mg and 0.1 mg.
4.4 Vortex mixer.
5 Analytical procedures
5.1 Preparation of test solution of food simulants
5.1.1 Migration test
According to the requirements of GB 5009.156 and GB 31604.1, CARRY out
migration test on the sample; and OBTAIN test solution of food simulants.
5.1.2 Treatment of soaking solution
5.1.2.1 Preparation of test solution of water-based food simulants
(including distilled water, 4% of acetic acid, alcohol simulants)
TAKE about 1.5 mL of the water-based food simulants obtained from the
2 samples are prepared in parallel.
5.1.2.2 Oil-based food simulants
Accurately WEIGH 25 g (accurate to 0.1 g) of soaking solution of oil-based food
simulants in separating funnel; ADD 25 mL of 1% sodium bicarbonate solution;
SHAKE for 5 min; LET stand for layering; PIPETTE the lower-layer aqueous
solution; USE C18 solid-phase extraction cartridge to filter; TAKE 1.0 mL of the
filtrate, through a 0.45 μm filter membrane, FILTER it in injection bottle; to be
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