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人造气氛腐蚀试验 盐雾试验
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GBT 10125-2021
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标准编号: GB/T 10125-2021 (GB/T10125-2021)
中文名称: 人造气氛腐蚀试验 盐雾试验
英文名称: Corrosion tests in artificial atmospheres -- Salt spray tests
行业: 国家标准 (推荐)
中标分类: H25
国际标准分类: 77.060
字数估计: 23,286
发布日期: 2021-08-20
实施日期: 2022-03-01
旧标准 (被替代): GB/T 10125-2012
起草单位: 青岛钢研纳克检测防护技术有限公司、冶金工业信息标准研究院、中国建材检验认证集团股份有限公司、中国科学院金属研究所、北京科技大学、钢铁研究总院青岛海洋腐蚀研究所有限公司
归口单位: 全国钢标准化技术委员会(SAC/TC 183)
提出机构: 中国钢铁工业协会
发布机构: 国家市场监督管理总局、国家标准化管理委员会
GB/T 10125-2021: 人造气氛腐蚀试验 盐雾试验
GB/T 10125-2021 英文名称: Corrosion tests in artificial atmospheres -- Salt spray tests
1 范围
本文件规定了中性盐雾(NSS)、乙酸盐雾(AASS)和铜加速乙酸盐雾(CASS)试验使用的设备、试
剂和方法。本文件也规定了评估试验箱环境腐蚀性的方法。
本文件适用于评价金属材料及覆盖层的耐蚀性,被测试对象可以是具有永久性或暂时性防蚀性能
的,也可以是不具有永久性或暂时性防蚀性能的。
本文件未规定试验试样尺寸和类型,特殊产品的试验周期和结果解释,这些内容参见相应的产品
规范。
本文件适用于检测金属及其合金、金属覆盖层、有机覆盖层、阳极氧化膜和转化膜的不连续性,如孔隙及其他缺陷。
中性盐雾试验适用于:
---金属及其合金;
---金属覆盖层(阳极性或阴极性);
---转化膜;
---阳极氧化膜;
---金属基体上的有机覆盖层。
乙酸盐雾试验适用于铜+镍+铬或镍+铬装饰性镀层,也适用于铝的阳极氧化膜和有机覆盖层。
铜加速乙酸盐雾试验适用于铜+镍+铬或镍+铬装饰性镀层,也适用于铝的阳极氧化膜和有机覆
盖层。
这些方法都适用于金属材料具有或不具有腐蚀保护时的质量检查,不适用于对不同材料进行有耐
蚀性的排序或预测试验材料的长期耐蚀性。
2 规范性引用文件
下列文件中的内容通过文中的规范性引用而构成本文件必不可少的条款。其中,注日期的引用文
件,仅该日期对应的版本适用于本文件;不注日期的引用文件,其最新版本(包括所有的修改单)适用于本文件。
GB/T 6461 金属基体上的金属和其他无机覆盖层 经腐蚀试验后试样和试件的评级
(GB/T 6461-2002,ISO 10289:1999,IDT)
GB/T 9271 色漆和清漆 标准试板(GB/T 9271-2008,ISO 1514:2004,MOD)
GB/T 10123 金属和合金的腐蚀 基本术语和定义(GB/T 10123-2001,eqvISO 8044-1999)
GB/T 13452.2 色漆和清漆 漆膜厚度的测定(GB/T 13452.2-2008,ISO 2808:2007,IDT)
GB/T 16545 金属和合金的腐蚀 腐蚀试样上腐蚀产物的清除(GB/T 16545-2015,ISO 8407:
2009,IDT)
GB/T 30786 色漆和清漆 腐蚀试验用金属板涂层划痕标记导则(GB/T 30786-2014,
ISO 17872-2007,IDT)
GB/T 30789.1 色漆和清漆 涂层老化的评价 缺陷的数量和大小以及外观均匀变化程度的标
识 第1部分:总则和标识体系(GB/T 30789.1-2015,ISO 4628-1:2003,IDT)
GB/T 30789.2 色漆和清漆 涂层老化的评价 缺陷的数量和大小以及外观均匀变化程度的标
识 第2部分:起泡等级的评定(GB/T 30789.2-2014,ISO 4628-2:2003,IDT)
GB/T 30789.3 色漆和清漆 涂层老化的评价 缺陷的数量和大小以及外观均匀变化程度的标识
第3部分:生锈等级的评定(GB/T 30789.3-2014,ISO 4628-3:2003,IDT)
GB/T 30789.4 色漆和清漆 涂层老化的评价 缺陷的数量和大小以及外观均匀变化程度的标
识 第4部分:开裂等级的评定(GB/T 30789.4-2015,ISO 4628-4:2003,IDT)
GB/T 30789.5 色漆和清漆 涂层老化的评价 缺陷的数量和大小以及外观均匀变化程度的标识
第5部分:剥落等级的评定(GB/T 30789.5-2015,ISO 4628-5:2003,IDT)
GB/T 30789.8 色漆和清漆 涂层老化的评价 缺陷的数量和大小以及外观均匀变化程度的标识
第8部分:划线或其他人造缺陷周边剥离和腐蚀等级的评定(GB/T 30789.8-2015,ISO 4628-8:
2003,IDT)
ISO 3574 商业级和冲压级的冷轧碳素钢薄板
ISO 4623-2:2016 色漆和清漆 铝及铝合金表面涂膜的耐丝状腐蚀试验
ISO 8993 铝和铝合金阳极氧化 点蚀评价的评级体系 图表法
3 术语和定义
GB/T 10123界定的以及下列术语和定义适用于本文件。
3.1
参比材料
具有已知测试性能的材料。
3.2
参比试样
参比材料(3.1)的一部分,是为检查所用试验箱的试验结果的再现性和重复性。
3.3
试验试样
样品上进行试验的特定部分。
3.4
替代试样
惰性材料(如塑料或玻璃)制成的试样,用于试验试样(3.3)的替代。
4 原理
4.1 中性盐雾试验(NSS)是在受控环境下将5%氯化钠中性溶液进行雾化的一种试验方法。
4.2 乙酸盐雾试验(AASS)是在受控环境下将加入冰乙酸的5%氯化钠酸性溶液进行雾化的一种试验方法。
4.3 铜加速乙酸盐雾试验(CASS)是在受控环境下将加入氯化铜和冰乙酸的5%氯化钠酸性溶液进行雾化的一种试验方法。
5 试验溶液
5.1 氯化钠溶液配制
5.1.1 在温度为25℃±2℃时,电导率不高于20μS/cm的蒸馏水或去离子水中溶解氯化钠,配制成浓度为50g/L±5g/L的溶液。所收集的喷雾液浓度应为50g/L±5g/L。在25℃时,配制的溶液相对密度在1.029~1.036范围内。
5.1.2 氯化钠中的铜、镍、铅等重金属总含量应低于0.005%(质量分数)。氯化钠中碘化钠含量应不超过0.1%(质量分数)或以干盐计算的总杂质应不超过0.5%(质量分数)。
注:含有防结块剂的氯化钠可促进或抑制腐蚀。
5.2 调整pH值
5.2.1 氯化钠溶液的pH值
根据收集的喷雾溶液的pH值调整氯化钠溶液pH到规定值。
5.2.2 中性盐雾试验(NSS试验)
试验溶液(5.1)的pH值应调整至使盐雾箱(6.2)收集的喷雾溶液的pH值在25℃±2℃时处于
6.5~7.2之间。用电位pH计测量pH值,pH值的测量应采用适用于弱缓冲氯化钠溶液(溶于去离子
水)的电极。溶液的pH值用分析纯盐酸、氢氧化钠或碳酸氢钠配制的溶液进行调整。
注:喷雾时溶液中二氧化碳损失可能导致pH值变化。采取相应措施,例如,将溶液加热到超过35℃,才送入仪器或由新的沸腾水配制溶液,以降低溶液中的二氧化碳含量。
在按5.1制备的氯化钠溶液中加入适量的冰乙酸(CH3COOH),以保证盐雾箱(6.2)内收集液的
pH值在25℃±2℃时处于3.1~3.3之间。如初配制的溶液pH值为3.0~3.1,则收集液的pH值一般
在指定的范围内。用电位pH计测量pH值,pH值的测量应采用适用于弱缓冲氯化钠溶液(溶于去离子水)的电极。溶液的pH值用分析纯冰乙酸(CH3COOH)、氢氧化钠(NaOH)或碳酸氢钠(NaHCO3)配制的溶液进行调整。
5.2.4 铜加速乙酸盐雾试验(CASS试验)
在按5.1制备的盐溶液中,加入二水合氯化铜(CuCl2·2H2O),其浓度为0.26g/L±0.02g/L[即
0.205g/L±0.015g/L无水氯化铜(CuCl2)]。溶液的pH值调整方法与5.2.3相同。
5.3 过滤
如有必要,将溶液过滤后再加入设备的贮槽中,以清除任何可能堵塞装置喷淋孔的固体物质。
6 试验设备
6.1.1 与盐雾或试验溶液接触的所有组件均应由耐蚀且不影响溶液腐蚀性的材料制成。
6.1.2 试验试样支架应使不同类型的基材互不影响,且支架本身应不影响试验试样。
6.2 盐雾箱
6.2.1 箱体内喷雾应均匀分布。对于容量小于0.4m3 的箱体,由于受容量限制,应仔细考虑箱体的装载量对喷雾分布和温度的影响。盐雾不应直接喷到试验试样上,而应分布于整个箱体,自然降落到试验试样上。箱体顶部设计应避免试验时聚积的溶液滴落到试验试样上。
6.2.2 盐雾箱的形状和尺寸应能使箱内溶液的收集速率符合10.3规定。
6.2.3 基于环保考虑,设备宜采用适当方式处理废气、废液。
注:盐雾箱设计简图参见附录C(见图C.1和图C.2)。
6.3 加热和温控装置
加热系统保持箱内温度达到10.1规定。温度测量区距箱内壁和热源应不小于100mm。
6.4.1 喷雾装置由一个压缩空气供给器 、一个盐水槽和一个或多个喷雾器组成。
6.4.2 供应到喷雾器的压缩空气应通过过滤器,去除油质和固体颗粒。喷雾压力应控制在70kPa1)~170kPa范围内。压力值通常为98kPa±10kPa,但可根据使用的箱体和喷雾器的类型而改变。
6.4.3 为防止雾滴(气溶胶)中水分蒸发,空气在进入喷雾器前应通过合适的加湿器加湿。加湿空气应饱和,沉降溶液浓度应在5.1规定范围内。加湿的空气也应加热,使其与氯化钠溶液混合时不会对箱内温度产生明显的扰动。根据使用的压力和喷嘴的类型选择合适的温度。单独或同时调节温度、压力或湿度,使箱内盐雾沉降率和收集液的浓度符合10.3规定。常用的加湿器是饱和塔,其温度和压力是可控的。表1给出了不同喷雾压力下饱和塔水温的指导值。
GB/T 10125-2021
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 77.060
CCS H 25
Replacing GB/T 10125-2012
Corrosion tests in artificial atmospheres - Salt spray
tests
(ISO 9227:2017, MOD)
ISSUED ON: AUGUST 20, 2021
IMPLEMENTED ON: MARCH 01, 2022
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of PRC.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 4
Introduction ... 7
1 Scope ... 8
2 Normative references ... 9
3 Terms and definitions ... 10
4 Principle ... 11
5 Test solution ... 11
6 Test equipment ... 12
7 Methods of evaluating the performance of salt spray chamber ... 15
8 Test specimen ... 17
9 Placement of test specimens ... 18
10 Test conditions ... 18
11 Test period ... 19
12 Handling of test specimens after the test ... 20
13 Evaluation of test results ... 21
14 Test report ... 21
Appendix A (Informative) Comparison of clause numbers between this
document and ISO 9227:2017 ... 23
Appendix B (Informative) List of technical differences between this document
and ISO 9227:2017 and their reasons ... 24
Appendix C (Informative) A schematic diagram of the design of a salt spray
chamber with the function of treating salt spray waste gas and wastewater .. 26
Appendix D (Informative) Supplementary method for evaluating the
performance of salt spray chamber by using zinc reference specimen ... 28
Appendix E (Normative) Preparation of organic coating specimen ... 30
Appendix F (Normative) Additional information for organic coating test
specimens ... 32
Appendix G (Informative) Supplementary information about steel reference
specimen's designation ... 33
References ... 34
Corrosion tests in artificial atmospheres - Salt spray
tests
1 Scope
This document specifies the equipment, reagents, methods for neutral salt
spray (NSS), acetic acid salt spray (AASS), copper accelerated acetic acid salt
spray (CASS) tests. This document also specifies methods for evaluating the
corrosiveness of the test chamber atmosphere.
This document is suitable for evaluating the corrosion resistance of metal
materials and coatings. The tested object can have permanent or temporary
corrosion resistance, OR it may not have permanent or temporary corrosion
resistance.
This document does not specify the size and type of test specimens, the test
cycle of special products and the interpretation of results; for these contents,
refer to the corresponding product specifications.
This document is suitable for detecting discontinuities of metals and their alloys,
metal coatings, organic coatings, anodic oxide films, conversion coatings, such
as pores and other defects.
The neutral salt spray test is suitable for:
- Metals and their alloys;
- Metal coating (anodic or cathodic);
- Conversion film;
- Anodized film;
- Organic coating on metal substrate.
The acetic acid salt spray test is suitable for decorative coatings of copper +
oxide films and organic coatings.
The copper accelerated acetic acid salt spray test is suitable for decorative
coatings of copper + nickel + chromium or nickel + chromium. It is also suitable
for aluminum anodic oxide films and organic coatings.
These methods are suitable for quality inspection when metal materials have
OR do not have corrosion protection. They are not suitable for sorting different
materials with corrosion resistance OR predicting the long-term corrosion
resistance of test materials.
2 Normative references
the dated documents, only the versions with the dates indicated are applicable
to this document; for the undated documents, only the latest version (including
all the amendments) is applicable to this standard.
GB/T 6461 Methods for corrosion testing of metallic and other inorganic
coatings on metallic substrates - Rating of test specimens and manufactured
articles subjected to corrosion tests (GB/T 6461-2002, ISO 10289:1999, IDT)
GB/T 9271 Paints and varnishes standard panels for testing (GB/T 9271-
2008, ISO 1514:2004, MOD)
GB/T 10123 Corrosion of metals and alloys - Basic terms and definitions
GB/T 13452.2 Paints and varnishes - Determination of film thickness (GB/T
13452.2-2008, ISO 2808:2007, IDT)
GB/T 16545 Corrosion of metals and alloys - Removal of corrosion products
from corrosion test specimens (GB/T 16545-2015, ISO 8407:2009, IDT)
GB/T 30786 Paints and varnishes - Guidelines for the introduction of scribe
marks through coatings on metallic panels for corrosion testing (GB/T
30786-2014, ISO 17872-2007, IDT)
GB/T 30789.1 Paints and varnishes - Evaluation of degradation of coatings
- Designation of quantity and size of defects ,and of intensity of uniform
system (GB/T 30789.1-2015, ISO 4628-1:2003, IDT)
GB/T 30789.2 Paints and varnishes - Evaluation of degradation of coatings
- Designation of quantity and size of defects, and of intensity of uniform
changes in appearance - Part 2: Assessment of degree of blistering (GB/T
30789.2-2014, ISO 4628-2:2003, IDT)
GB/T 30789.3 Paints and varnishes - Evaluation of degradation of coatings
- Designation of quantity and size of defects, and of intensity of uniform
changes in appearance - Part 3: Assessment of degree of rusting (GB/T
30789.3-2014, ISO 4628-3:2003, IDT)
5.2.2 Neutral salt spray test (NSS test)
The pH value of the test solution (5.1) shall be adjusted, so that the pH value
of the spray solution, which is collected in the salt spray chamber (6.2), is
between 6.5 and 7.2, at 25 °C ± 2 °C. Use a potentiometric pH meter to measure
the pH value. The pH value shall be measured, by an electrode suitable for
weakly buffered sodium chloride solution (dissolved in deionized water). The
pH value of the solution is adjusted, by a solution which is prepared by analytical
pure hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide or sodium bicarbonate.
Note: The loss of carbon dioxide in the solution, during spraying, may cause pH
35 °C, before sending it into the instrument or preparing the solution with new boiling
water, to reduce the carbon dioxide content in the solution.
5.2.3 Acetic acid salt spray test (AASS test)
Add appropriate amount of glacial acetic acid (CH3COOH) to the sodium
chloride solution, which is prepared in accordance with 5.1, to ensure that the
pH value of the collected liquid, in the salt spray chamber (6.2), is between 3.1
and 3.3, at 25 °C ± 2 °C. If the pH value of the initially prepared solution is 3.0
~ 3.1, the pH value of the collected solution is generally within the specified
range. Use a potentiometric pH meter to measure the pH value. The pH value
chloride solution (dissolved in deionized water). The pH value of the solution is
adjusted with a solution, which is prepared by analytical pure glacial acetic acid
(CH3COOH), sodium hydroxide (NaOH) or sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3).
5.2.4 Copper accelerated acetic acid salt spray test (CASS test)
In the salt solution, which is prepared according to 5.1, add copper chloride
dihydrate (CuCl2 • 2H2O)], which has a concentration of 0.26 g/L ± 0.02 g/L [that
is, 0.205 g/L ± 0.015 g/L anhydrous copper chloride (CuCl2)]. The method of
adjusting the pH value of the solution is the same as 5.2.3.
5.3 Filtration
equipment, to remove any solid matter, that may block the spray holes of the
device.
6 Test equipment
6.1 Component protection
6.1.1 All components, which are in contact with salt spray or test solution, shall
be made of corrosion-resistant materials, which do not affect the corrosiveness
of the solution.
6.1.2 The test specimen support shall be such, that different types of substrates
do not affect each other, meanwhile the support itself shall not affect the test
6.2 Salt spray chamber
6.2.1 The spray in the chamber shall be evenly distributed. For the chambers,
which have a capacity of less than 0.4 m3, due to the capacity restriction, it shall
carefully consider the effect of the loading of the chamber on the spray
distribution and temperature. The salt spray shall not be sprayed directly on the
test specimen; however, it shall be distributed over the entire chamber AND fall
naturally on the test specimen. The top of the box shall be designed to prevent
the accumulated solution from dripping onto the test specimen, during the test.
6.2.2 The shape and size of the salt spray chamber shall be such, that the
6.2.3 Based on considerations of environmental protection, the equipment
should adopt appropriate methods, to treat exhaust gas and waste liquid.
Note: The design diagram of the salt spray chamber is as shown in Appendix C (see
Figure C.1 and Figure C.2).
6.3 Heating and temperature control device
The heating system keeps the temperature inside the chamber up to the
requirements of 10.1. The distance, between the temperature measurement
area and the inner wall of the chamber and the heat source, shall not be less
than 100 mm.
6.4.1 The spray device consists of a compressed air supply, a salt water tank,
one or more sprayers.
6.4.2 The compressed air, which is supplied to the sprayer, shall pass through
the filter, to remove oil and solid particles. The spray pressure shall be
controlled within the range of 70 kPa1) ~ 170 kPa. The pressure value is usually
98 kPa ± 10 kPa; however, it can be changed, according to the type of chamber
and sprayer used.
6.4.3 In order to prevent the evaporation of moisture in the mist (aerosol), the
1 1 kPa = 1 kN/m2 = 0.01 atm = 0.01 bar = 0.145 psi.
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