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车辆、船和内燃机 无线电骚扰特性 用于保护车载接收机的限值和测量方法
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GBT 18655-2018
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标准编号: GB/T 18655-2018 (GB/T18655-2018)
中文名称: 车辆、船和内燃机 无线电骚扰特性 用于保护车载接收机的限值和测量方法
英文名称: Vehicles, boats and internal combustion engines -- Radio disturbance characteristics -- Limits and methods of measurement for the protection of on-board receivers
行业: 国家标准 (推荐)
中标分类: L06
国际标准分类: 33.100
字数估计: 130,112
发布日期: 2018-07-13
实施日期: 2019-02-01
旧标准 (被替代): GB/T 18655-2010
起草单位: 中国汽车技术研究中心、上海电器科学研究院、长春汽车检测中心、中汽研汽车检验中心(天津)有限公司、中国计量科学研究院、国家无线电监测中心检测中心、南京容测检测技术有限公司、国家汽车质量监督检验中心(襄阳)、工业和信息化部电子工业标准化研究院、华晨宝马汽车有限公司、天津内燃机研究所、中国汽车工程研究院股份有限公司、比亚迪汽车工业有限公司、上海机动车检测中心、泛亚汽车技术中心有限公司、福特汽车工程研究有限公司、重庆车辆检测研究院有限公司、北京新能源汽车股份有限公司、上海乐来汽车分析测试有限公司、广州市诚臻电子科
归口单位: 全国无线电干扰标准化技术委员会(SAC/TC 79)
标准依据: 国家标准公告2018年第10号
提出机构: 全国无线电干扰标准化技术委员会(SAC/TC 79)
发布机构: 国家市场监督管理总局、中国国家标准化管理委员会
GB/T 18655-2018: 车辆、船和内燃机 无线电骚扰特性 用于保护车载接收机的限值和测量方法
GB/T 18655-2018 英文名称: Vehicles, boats and internal combustion engines -- Radio disturbance characteristics -- Limits and methods of measurement for the protection of on-board receivers
1 范围
本标准规定了从150kHz~2500MHz频率范围内的无线电骚扰限值和试验方法。本标准适用于
任何用于车辆、挂车和装置的电子/电气零部件。本标准中频率分布的细节参考了国际电信联盟(ITU)
出版物及在中国的实际应用情况。本标准中的限值用于保护车载接收机,使其免受同一车内零部件/模
块产生的骚扰。第5章提供了整车(无论连接到电网充电与否)测量的方法和限值,第6章提供了零部
件/模块测量的方法和限值。只有根据车辆限值进行的整车试验才能被用于最终评价零部件的兼容性。
被保护的接收机类型包括:广播接收机(声音和电视),地面移动通信,无线电话,业余的、民用的无
线电设备,卫星导航系统(北斗、GPS等)、Wi-Fi和蓝牙设备。本标准中的车辆是以内燃机、电力或二者共同实现自行驱动的装置。车辆包括(但不限于)乘用车、货车、农用拖拉机及雪地车。可参照附录A中的流程图判定装置或设备是否适用于本标准。
本标准不包括保护电控系统免受射频(RF)发射、瞬态或脉冲电压波动影响的内容。这些内容包括
在其他标准化委员会出版物中。
本标准中的限值为推荐值,在车辆制造商和零部件供应商达成一致的条件下可以更改。本标准也
适用于车辆制造商、零部件和设备供应商在车辆交付使用后,附加和连接在车辆线束或车载电源连接器上的零部件和设备。
由于安装位置、车身结构和线束设计会影响无线电骚扰对车载接收机的耦合,第6章定义了多种限
值等级。使用的限值等级(作为频带的函数)需经车辆制造商和零部件供应商一致同意。
本标准定义的试验方法用于帮助车辆制造商和供应商改善整车和零部件设计,以确保车载射频发
射控制在一定水平。
整车试验限值作为指导,其制定基于典型无线电接收机使用车载天线这一情况,如果未配备该特定
天线,则使用试验天线。出于经济原因,车辆制造商应自主确定哪些频段用于车内可能的无线电业务。
例如,虽然电视波段占用了无线电频谱的一段重要部分,但是许多车型可能不会安装电视接收机,
在这样的车上试验和改善该频段噪声源是不经济的。
1979年,世界管理无线电通信大会(WARC)将第一区域的低频限制到148.5kHz。就车辆而言,
150kHz试验就足够了。
用于传导骚扰和车辆充电模式测量的人工网络见附录E。
存在脉冲噪声的情况下判断无线电通信降级的定性方法可参见附录H。
电动和混合动力车辆车内屏蔽的高压电源系统的试验方法见附录I。
零部件试验用ALSE的性能确认方法可参见附录J。
2 规范性引用文件
下列文件对于本文件的应用是必不可少的。凡是注日期的引用文件,仅注日期的版本适用于本文
件。凡是不注日期的引用文件,其最新版本(包括所有的修改单)适用于本文件。
GB/T 18655-2018
Vehicles, boats and internal combustion engines--Radio disturbance characteristics--Limits and methods of measurement for the protection of on-board receivers
ICS 33.100
L06
National Standards of People's Republic of China
Replace GB/T 18655-2010
Radio disturbance characteristics of vehicles, boats and internal combustion engines
Limits and measurement methods for protecting on-board receivers
(CISPR25..2016, MOD)
Published on.2018-07-13
Implementation of.2019-02-01
State Market Supervisory Administration
China National Standardization Administration issued
Content
Foreword V
Introduction VII
1 range 1
2 Normative references 1
3 Terms and Definitions 2
4 General requirements for vehicle and component/module emission measurements 4
4.1 General test requirements 4
4.2 Shielding room 6
4.3 Shielded room (ALSE) with absorbing material 6
4.4 Measuring instrument 7
4.5 Power supply 10
5 Emission measurement received by the vehicle antenna 10
5.1 Antenna Measurement System 10
5.2 Measurement method 12
5.3 Test arrangement in vehicle charging mode 13
5.4 Examples of limits for vehicle radiated disturbances 21
6 Measurement of parts and modules 23
6.1 General requirements 23
6.2 Test equipment 24
6.3 Conducted emissions of components/modules---Voltage method 24
6.4 Conducted emission of components/modules---current probe method 31
6.5 Radiation Emissions of Parts/Modules---ALSE Method 34
6.6 Radiation Emissions of Parts/Modules---TEM Chamber Method 43
6.7 Radiation Emissions of Parts/Modules---Stripline Method 43
Appendix A (informative appendix) Flow chart of applicability check of this standard 44
Appendix B (Normative Appendix) Antenna Matching Unit---Vehicle Test 45
Appendix C (informative) Surface current suppressor 47
Appendix D (informative) Guidelines for determining the noise floor of active vehicle antennas in the AM and FM bands 48
Appendix E (Normative) Artificial Network (AN), Artificial Power Network (AMN), and Asymmetric Artificial Network (AAN) 50
Appendix F (informative) Radiation emission of components/modules---TEM cell method 57
Appendix G (informative) Radiation emission of components/modules---stripline method 65
Appendix H (informative) Interference of the presence of impulse noise on mobile wireless communications---Methods for judging degradation 71
Appendix I (Normative) Test methods for high voltage power systems for shielded electric and hybrid vehicles 74
Appendix J (informative) ALSE performance verification (150kHz~1GHz) 100
Reference 121
Figure 1 Method for judging conformity of all frequency bands 5
Figure 2 Gain curve example 12
Figure 3 Example of vehicle radiation emission test arrangement (view using monopole antenna) 13
Figure 4 Example of vehicle test arrangement of vehicle socket on the side of the vehicle body (AC charging without communication) 15
Figure 5 Example of vehicle test arrangement of vehicle socket in front/rear of vehicle body (AC charging without communication) 16
Figure 6 Example of vehicle test arrangement of vehicle socket on the side of the vehicle body (AC or DC charging with communication) 19
Figure 7 Example of vehicle test arrangement of vehicle socket in front/rear of vehicle body (AC or DC charging with communication) 20
Figure 8 Average value of the average radiated disturbance of the satellite in the satellite positioning band 22
Figure 9 Conducted Emissions---Test Placement Example of Tested Part Grounded at the Remote End of Power Loop
Fig. 10 Conducted emission---Testing arrangement of the test piece grounded at the near end of the power return line
Figure 11 Conducted Emissions---Generator Test Arrangement Example 28
Figure 12 Conducted Emissions---Ignition System Parts Test Arrangement Example 29
Figure 13 Conducted Emissions - Current Probe Test Arrangement Example 32
Figure 14 Test harness bending requirements 35
Figure 15 Example of test arrangement - monopole antenna 37
Figure 16 Example of test arrangement - double cone antenna 38
Figure 17 Example of test arrangement --- logarithmic period antenna 39
Figure 18 Example of test arrangement - above -1GHz 40
Figure 19 Example of component/module radiated disturbance average limit 42
Figure A.1 Flow chart of this standard suitability check 44
Figure B.1 Verification Arrangement 46
Figure D.1 Vehicle layout for measuring equipment noise in the AM/FM band 48
Figure D.2 Vehicle layout for measuring AM/FM band antenna noise 49
Figure E.1 5μH Artificial Network (AN) Schematic Example 50
Figure E.2 Impedance characteristics of the artificial network (AN) ZPB 51
Figure E.3 Schematic example of a 5μH high voltage artificial network (HV-AN) schematic 52
Figure E.4 Example of a single 5μH high voltage artificial network (HV-AN) sharing a shielded enclosure 52
Figure E.5 Impedance matching network between HV-AN and the device under test 53
Figure E.6 AAN example 54 for symmetric communication lines
Figure E.7 Example of AAN Circuitry for PLC on AC or DC Power Lines 55
Figure F.1 TEM cell (example) 57
Figure F.2 TEM cell lead and example to the interface board lead layout 58
Figure F.3 Example of Arrangement of Connectors, Terminal Blocks, and Insulation Brackets 59
Figure F.4 Example of Minimum Attenuation Value Required for Control/Signal Lines 60
Figure F.5 Filter attenuation measurement arrangement 60
Figure F.6 Example of TEM cell test setup 61
Figure F.7 TEM cell 63
Figure G.1 Shielded indoor stripline test arrangement legend 67
Figure G.2 50Ω stripline example 69
Figure I.1 Conducted Emissions---Example of Test Arrangement of Tested Parts with Shielded Power System 76
Figure I.2 Conducted Emissions---Example of Test Arrangement of Tested Parts with Shielded Power System and Motor Placed on the Rack 77
Figure I.3 Conducted Emissions - Example of Inverter Test Arrangement with Shielded Power System 78
Figure I.4 Conducted Emissions - Example of a Charger Test Arrangement with Shielded Power System 79
Figure I.5 Conducted Emissions--Example of a test arrangement for measuring the HV line of the device under test with a shielded power system using a current probe 83
Figure I.6 Conducted Emissions---Testing the HV line of the device under test with a shielded power system and the motor placed on the pedestal using a current probe
Inspection arrangement example 84
Figure I.7 Conducted Emissions - Example of a test arrangement for measuring an inverter HV line with a shielded power system using a current probe 85
Figure I.8 Conducted Emissions - Example of a test arrangement for measuring a HV line of a charger with a shielded power system using a current probe 86
Figure I.10 Radiated Emissions---Tests with Shielded Power Systems, Tested Parts with Motors Attached to the Bench Using a Double Cone Antenna
Layout example 89
Figure I.11 Radiated Emissions - Example of a test arrangement for an inverter with a shielded power system using a biconical antenna
Figure I.12 Radiated Emissions – Example of a test arrangement for a charger with a shielded power system using a biconical antenna
Figure I.13 Test arrangement for test signal calibration 93
Figure I.14 Conducted Emission---Voltage Method---Experimental Arrangement Example for Measuring Decoupling Coefficient Between HV and LV Power Ports
Figure I.15 Conducted Emission - Current Method - Example of Test Arrangement for Measuring Decoupling Coefficient Between HV and LV Power Ports 95
Figure I.16 Radiation Emissions---ALSE Method--Test Arrangement for Measuring Decoupling Coefficient Between HV and LV Power Ports Using a Double Cone Antenna
Example 96
Figure I.18 Coupling Attenuation ɑc Requirements Example 99
Figure J.1 Example of the influence parameter of the ALSE in the 10MHz~100MHz band 101
Figure J.2 Visual representation of the ALSE performance validation process 102
Figure J.3 Example of monopole transmit antenna structure 103
Figure J.4 Side view of the antenna arrangement for frequency reference measurements below 30 MHz 105
Figure J.5 Top view of the antenna arrangement for reference measurements at frequencies above 30 MHz (taking a biconical antenna as an example) 106
Figure J.6 Side view of the antenna arrangement for reference measurements at 30 MHz and above (in the case of a biconical antenna) 106
Figure J.7 Top view of the antenna arrangement for ALSE measurement at frequencies below 30 MHz 107
Figure J.8 Metal gusset 110 for supporting brass rods
Figure J.10 Physical photo 110 of the radiator mounted on the reference ground plane
Figure J.11 VSWR of the four sources measured (no 10dB attenuator) 111
Figure J.12 Example of the arrangement of the equivalent field strength measurement in the ALSE (monopole antenna with a frequency below 30 MHz) 113
Figure J.13 Calculation model using MoM in the 30MHz~200MHz band 114
Table 1 Spectrum Analyzer Parameters 7
Table 2 Scanning Receiver Parameters 9
Table 3 Antenna Type 11
Table 4 Example of disturbance limit---Complete vehicle method 21
Table 5 Conducted Disturbance Limits---Voltage Method Example 30
Table 7 Example of Radiated Disturbance Limits for Parts/Modules---ALSE Method 41
Table E.1 Artificial Network (AN) Impedance (ZPB) Value 51
Table F.1 Radiation Disturbance Limits---TEM Chamber Method 62
Table F.2 Dimensions of TEM cells 64
Table G.1 Example of Radiated Disturbance Limits---Stripline Method 67
Table I.1 (based on HV-LV decoupling level 5) Shielded power supply unit Conducted voltage measurement HV limit example 80
Table I.2 Measurement configuration example of equipment without negative LV line 98
Table I.3 Measurement configuration example 98 of the device with negative LV line
Table I.4 Minimum coupling attenuation ɑc example 99
Foreword
This standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This standard replaces GB/T 18655-2010 "Car, ship and internal combustion engine radio disturbance characteristics for the protection of vehicle receivers
Value and measurement method. Compared with GB/T 18655-2010, the main technical changes are as follows.
--- Increased the charging mode of electric and hybrid vehicles;
--- Added ALSE performance verification method;
--- Increased test methods for high voltage power systems shielded in electric and hybrid vehicles.
This standard uses the redrafting method to modify the use of CISPR25.2016 "vehicle, ship and internal combustion engine radio disturbance characteristics for protection
Limits and Measurement Methods for Vehicle Receivers.
--- Removed the international standard terms 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.7, 3.10, 3.12, 3.14, 3.19, 3.20, 3.21 and 3.23 because of these
The language has been listed in GB/T 4365-2003 and GB/T 29259-2012;
---According to the actual use of the carrier frequency of the vehicle receiver in China, this standard applies the service/frequency range in CISPR25.2016
Make adjustments as follows.
● Adjust the TV band I band, the original frequency band is 41MHz~88MHz, and the adjustment is 48.5MHz~72.5MHz;
● Adjust the TV band III band, the original frequency band is 174 MHz~230 MHz, and the adjustment is 174 MHz~
223MHz;
● Adjust the TV band IV/V band, the original frequency band is 468MHz~944MHz, and the adjustment is 470MHz~
566MHz, 606MHz~806MHz;
606MHz~806MHz;
● Adjust the RKE band, the original frequency band is 300MHz~330MHz, and the adjustment is 314MHz~316MHz;
● Adjust the RKE band, the original frequency band is 420MHz~450MHz, and the adjustment is 430MHz~440MHz;
● Adjust the EGSM/GSM900 band, the original frequency band is 925MHz~960MHz, and the adjustment is 930MHz~
960MHz;
● Adjust the GSM1800 (PCN) band, the original frequency band is 1803 MHz~1882 MHz, after adjustment
1805MHz~1850MHz;
● Adjust the 3G/IMT2000 band, the original frequency band is 1900MHz~1992MHz, and the adjustment is 1880MHz~
1920MHz;
2170MHz;
● The CB band has been deleted, the original frequency band is 26MHz~28MHz; the GSM800 band, the original frequency band is 860MHz~895MHz;
GSM1900 band, the original frequency band 1850MHz~1990MHz;
● Added BDS, B1I Beidou civil band 1553MHz~1569MHz;
--- According to the principle of different test arrangements of inverter and charger, split Figure I.3 of CISPR25.2016 into Figure I.3 and Figure I.4,
Figure I.6 is split into Figure I.7 and Figure I.8, Figure I.9 is split into Figure I.11 and Figure I.12;
--- Taking into account the actual situation in China, the informational appendix K "Future Work Project" was deleted.
This standard is proposed and managed by the National Radio Interference Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC79).
This standard was drafted. China Automotive Technology Research Center, Shanghai Electric Apparatus Research Institute, Changchun Automobile Testing Center, China Automotive Research Automotive Inspection
Company, National Automobile Quality Supervision and Inspection Center (Xiangyang), Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Electronics Industry Standardization Research Institute, BMW Brilliance Automotive Co., Ltd.
Company, Tianjin Internal Combustion Engine Research Institute, China Automotive Engineering Research Institute Co., Ltd., BYD Auto Industry Co., Ltd., Shanghai Motor Vehicle Inspection
Testing Center, Pan Asia Automotive Technology Center Co., Ltd., Ford Automotive Engineering Research Co., Ltd., Chongqing Vehicle Inspection and Research Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing
New Energy Automobile Co., Ltd., Shanghai Lelai Automotive Analysis and Testing Co., Ltd., Guangzhou Chenghao Electronic Technology Co., Ltd.
The main drafters of this standard. Liu Xin, Lu Gang, Wang Chuanqi, Ren Shan, Liu Yuan, Zheng Junqi, Wang Weilong, Dong Qifeng, Liu Haiming, Xu Li, Cui Qiang,
Hou Xinwei, Zhou Yukui, Shen Xueqi, Zhang Xu, Huang Xuemei, Yang Xiaosong, Yang Shuo, Dong Hong, Gu Hailei, Xiang Yunxiu, Peng Peng, Zhang Xia, Liu Qingsong, Gao Xinjie,
Wen Shiwei, Li Nan, Ma Junjie.
The previous versions of the standards replaced by this standard are.
---GB 18655-2002, GB/T 18655-2010.
This standard is intended to protect vehicle-mounted receivers from the transmission of conducted and radiated emissions from the vehicle.
The test procedures and limits given here are preventive controls for radiated emissions from vehicles and are long and short for continuous control of components/modules.
The conduction/radiation of time is equally effective. In order to achieve the above objectives, this standard.
--- Establish a test method to measure the electromagnetic emissions of the vehicle electrical system;
--- set limits for the electromagnetic emissions of the electrical system on the vehicle;
--- Establish a test method for vehicle components and modules that do not depend on the entire vehicle;
--- Set limits for the electromagnetic emissions of components to protect the vehicle receiving device from interference;
---Classify vehicle parts according to the duration of disturbances and set the limits.
Note. The test of parts and components is not a substitute for the test of the whole vehicle. The exact connection between the two depends on the installation position of the parts, the length of the wire harness, the arrangement of the wire harness, and the grounding position.
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