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空气净化器
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GBT 18801-2022
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标准编号: GB/T 18801-2022 (GB/T18801-2022)
中文名称: 空气净化器
英文名称: Air cleaner
行业: 国家标准 (推荐)
中标分类: Y62
国际标准分类: 97.030
字数估计: 66,654
发布日期: 2022-10-12
实施日期: 2023-05-01
旧标准 (被替代): GB/T 18801-2015
起草单位: 中国家用电器研究院、广东省科学院微生物研究所(广东省微生物分析检测中心)、广州市微生物研究所有限公司、清华大学、上品健康科技(广东)股份有限公司、苏州市计量测试院、佛山市顺德区阿波罗环保器材有限公司、中科检测技术服务(广州)股份有限公司、中家院(北京)检测认证有限公司、莱克电气股份有限公司、中国科学院生态环境研究中心、飞利浦家电(中国)投资有限公司、阜阳中科博瑞新材料有限公司、广州呼吸健康研究院、TCL空调器(中山)有限公司、北京智米科技有限公司、青岛海尔空调器有限总公司、北京亚都环保科技有限公司、珠海格
归口单位: 全国家用电器标准化技术委员会(SAC/TC 46)
提出机构: 中国轻工业联合会
发布机构: 国家市场监督管理总局、国家标准化管理委员会
GB/T 18801-2022: 空气净化器
GB/T 18801-2022 英文名称: Air cleaner
ICS 97.030
CCSY62
中华人民共和国国家标准
代替GB/T 18801-2015
国 家 市 场 监 督 管 理 总 局
国 家 标 准 化 管 理 委 员 会 发 布
1 范围
本文件规定了空气净化器的术语和定义、分类与型号命名、要求、试验条件、试验方法、检验规则、标
志、使用说明、包装、运输及贮存。
注1:本文件涉及的空气净化器包含独立的空气净化器具及各类空气净化模块。
本文件适用于对颗粒物、气态污染物、微生物(细菌、真菌、病毒等)、异味和过敏原等上述一种或多
种目标污染物具有去除功能的家用和类似用途的空气净化器(以下简称“净化器”)。
本文件适用于但不限于下述工作原理的净化器:过滤式、吸附式、络合式、化学催化式、光催化式、静
电式、等离子式、复合式等。
注2:复合式净化器指采用两种或两种以上净化原理,可去除一种或一种以上空气污染物的净化器。
下列产品可参考本文件执行:
---小型、便携式净化器,乘用车净化器;
---风道式净化装置及其他类似的净化器;
---带有空气净化功能的其他产品。
注3:例如,空调器、除湿机、新风机、风扇、加湿器、暖风机和吸尘器等。
本文件不适用于:
---专为工业用途而设计的净化器;
---在腐蚀性和爆炸性气体(如粉尘、蒸气和瓦斯气体)特殊环境场所使用的净化器;
---专为医疗用途设计的净化器。
2 规范性引用文件
下列文件中的内容通过文中的规范性引用而构成本文件必不可少的条款。其中,注日期的引用文
件,仅该日期对应的版本适用于本文件;不注日期的引用文件,其最新版本(包括所有的修改单)适用于
本文件。
GB/T 191 包装储运图示标志
GB/T 1019 家用和类似用途电器包装通则
GB/T 2828.1 计数抽样检验程序 第1部分:按接收质量限(AQL)检索的逐批检验抽样计划
GB/T 2829 周期检验计数抽样程序及表(适用于对过程稳定性的检验)
GB/T 4214.1-2017 家用和类似用途电器噪声测试方法 通用要求
GB 4706.1 家用和类似用途电器的安全 第1部分:通用要求
GB 4706.45 家用和类似用途电器的安全 空气净化器的特殊要求
GB/T 5296.2-2008 消费品使用说明 第2部分:家用和类似用途电器
GB/T 18883 室内空气质量标准
GB 19489 实验室 生物安全通用要求
GB 21551.3 家用和类似用途电器的抗菌、除菌、净化功能 空气净化器的特殊要求
GB/T 35758-2017 家用电器 待机功率测量方法
QB/T 5364-2019 空气净化器测试用试验舱技术要求和评价方法
5.1 颗粒物净化
5.1.1 洁净空气量
颗粒物洁净空气量实测值不应低于标称值的90%。
5.1.2 累积净化量
累积净化量与标称的洁净空气量应符合5.1.3的关联要求。
如标称了累积净化量的具体数值,且高于表1关联指标值,则实测值不应低于其标称值的90%。
5.1.3 关联指标
净化器对颗粒物的累积净化量与标称洁净空气量的关联性应符合表1要求。
5.2 气态污染物净化
5.2.1 洁净空气量
对标称的单成分或混合成分气态污染物的洁净空气量,实测值不应低于标称值的90%。
5.2.2 累积净化量
单成分加载下,对甲醛气体的累积净化量与标称的洁净空气量应符合5.2.3的关联要求。
如标称了高于表2关联指标值的单成分(或混合成分加载下单一目标污染物)累积净化量的具体数
值,则实测值不应低于其标称值的80%。
5.2.3 关联指标
净化器单成分加载下,甲醛的累积净化量与标称洁净空气量的关联性应符合表2要求。
5.3 微生物去除
5.3.1 抗菌除菌性能
如果净化器明示具有抗菌除菌功能,则应符合GB 21551.3的要求。
5.3.2 对病毒的去除性能
5.3.2.1 去除率要求
如果净化器明示具有除病毒功能,则在规定条件下的病毒去除率不应低于99.9%。
5.3.2.2 移舱检出限
5.3.2.1试验后进行规定的移舱检出限测试,应未检出。
5.4 待机功率
净化器在关机模式下的待机功率实测值不应大于0.5W。
净化器在非网络待机模式下的待机功率最大实测值不应大于1.5W。
净化器在网络待机模式下的待机功率最大实测值不应大于2.0W。
有信息显示装置的净化器规定值增加0.5W。
注:待机功率需注明工作模式。
5.5 噪声
5.5.1 净化器在额定模式下的洁净空气量实测值与对应的噪声值,应符合表3的规定。
净化器噪声实测值与标称值的允差不大于+3dB(A)。
5.5.2 若净化器明示具有“低噪声模式”,则在该模式下的最大声功率级工作噪声标称值不应高于
38dB(A),且实测值与标称值的允差不应大于+3dB(A)。
净化器应标注或说明在“低噪声模式”下的最大净化性能。
5.6.1 颗粒物净化能效
净化器对颗粒物净化能效值应不低于4.00m3/(W·h),且实测值不应小于其标称值的90%。
5.6.2 气态污染物净化能效
净化器对气态污染物(单成分)净化能效值应不低于1.00m3/(W·h),且实测值不应小于其标称
值的90%。
5.7 其他性能
本文件对于净化器明示的其他功能,以及特殊类型的空气净化器产品的净化能力给出了对应的试
验方法和评价建议,参见7.7。
6 试验条件
针对不同的试验内容,专用测量仪器应符合相应附录的要求。
6.3 试验舱
如无特殊规定,试验舱应符合QB/T 5364-2019规定的3m3、10m3、30m3 和81m3 试验舱要求。
6.4 待测样机
6.4.1 工作模式设定
除另有规定,应在净化器的额定模式下进行试验;若净化器无额定模式,则默认开启最高挡位进行
测试。
注:对于净化功能是辅助功能的产品,如空调器、除湿机和新风机等,则试验时只需要按照使用说明书启动其净化
功能额定模式或开启最高挡位进行测试。
试验样机的放置应符合下述要求。
a) 3m3 试验舱
出风口高度小于400mm的,应置于400mm高的台面上,出风口高度大于或等于400mm
的,应放置在地面上。
b)10m3、30m3、81m3 试验舱
中心位置:落地式(地上),桌面式(700mm的台面上),壁挂式(下沿距地面1800mm)。
上述规定外的其他机型,如无注明,按出风口高度分:出风口高度小于700mm时,净化器放台面上
进行试验;出风口高度大于或等于700mm时,净化器放置在地面上进行试验。
6.5 目标污染物
7.4.1 根据3.5工作模式相关定义,判定净化器是否存在关机模式、非网络待机模式、网络待机模式。
7.4.2 待机功率试验按照GB/T 35758-2017规定的方法测试。
7.5 噪声
净化器在对应的工作模式下运行,按照 GB/T 4214.1-2017的相关要求进行试验,并增加以下
内容。
---GB/T 4214.1-2017中6.5.4增加:壁挂式净化器,包括其附件,应安放在固定架上。安装时净
化器距离地面0.6m,其背面和垂直壁面之间的距离为D=(1±0.5)cm;
---对于基准体任一边长大于0.7m、自由放置的落地式净化器,包括嵌入式净化器,采用
GB/T 4214.1-2017中7.1.1的测试方法。
7.6.1 输入功率
连接净化器与电参数测试仪表,接通电源,仪表进入测量状态;净化器在额定模式下稳定运行至少
30min后,开始读取测量值。
在开始读取测量值之后的30min内,测量的功率变化小于1%,可以直接读取测量值作为额定
功率。
如果在此期间内测量的功率变化不小于1%,则应再延续测量至60min,用此期间的耗电量积分值
除以测试时间来计算平均功率,即为输入功率。
7.7 其他性能
7.7.1 过敏原去除性能
7.7.2 除异味性能
净化器除异味性能的试验方法及评价要求见附录J。
7.7.3 自动模式净化性能
净化器自动模式净化性能试验方法及评价要求见附录K。
7.7.4 风道式净化装置的净化性能
安装在风道内的风道式净化装置性能试验方法及评价要求见附录L。
7.7.5 可穿戴式净化器性能
可穿戴式净化器性能试验方法及评价要求见附录 M。
7.7.6 模拟二次异味
7.7.7 动态平衡试验(除臭氧性能)
动态平衡试验方法及评价要求见附录O。
8 检验规则
8.1 检验分类
净化器的检验分为出厂检验和型式检验。
8.2 出厂检验
8.2.1 出厂检验的必检项目
凡正式提出交货的净化器,均应进行出厂检验。
出厂检验的必检项目为表4的序号1~序号3。
净化器出厂时的抽样检验按GB/T 2828.1进行。检验批量、抽样方案、检查水平及合格质量水平,
由生产厂和订货方共同商定。
抽样检验的项目见表4序号4、6、8、10、11。
8.4 检验样品处理
经出厂检验合格后,净化器方可作为合格产品交付订货方;经型式检验的样品一律不能作为合格产
品使用。
9.1.1 通用性标志
净化器的通用性标志应符合GB 4706.1、GB 4706.45和GB/T 5296.2-2008中5.1的要求,此外,
还应在产品上标注产品维护及滤网/滤材更换/清洗的文字提示。
净化器的基础性能相关的标志内容包含以下几个方面。
9.2 使用说明
净化器使用说明应符合GB/T 5296.2-2008的要求,除9.1规定的内容外,至少还应包括:
a) 净化器的名称、型号及其他性能指标等;
b) 安装和使用要求,维护和保养注意事项;
c) 随机附件名称;
d) 常见故障及处理办法一览表,售后服务事项;
e) 制造厂名和地址;
9.3 包装
净化器应附有合格证和产品使用说明。
9.4 运输及贮存
净化器在运输过程中不应碰撞、挤压、抛扔和强烈的振动以及雨淋、受潮和曝晒。
净化器应贮存于干燥、通风、无腐蚀性及无爆炸性气体的库房内,并防止磕碰。
GB/T 18801-2022
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 97.030
CCS Y 62
Replacing GB/T 18801-2015
Air cleaner
空气净化器
ISSUED ON: OCTOBER 12, 2022
IMPLEMENTED ON: MAY 01, 2023
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 4
1 Scope ... 7
2 Normative references ... 8
3 Terms and definitions ... 8
4 Classification and model naming ... 11
5 Requirements ... 13
5.1 Particulate matter cleaning ... 13
5.2 Cleaning of gaseous pollutants ... 14
5.3 Microorganism removal ... 15
5.4 Standby power ... 15
5.5 Noise ... 15
5.6 Cleaning energy efficiency ... 16
5.7 Other properties ... 16
6 Test conditions ... 16
6.1 General conditions ... 16
6.2 Measuring instruments ... 17
6.3 Test chamber ... 17
6.4 Test prototype ... 17
6.5 Target pollutant ... 18
7 Test methods ... 18
7.1 Particulate matter cleaning ... 18
7.2 Cleaning of gaseous pollutants ... 19
7.3 Microbial removal ... 19
7.4 Standby power ... 19
7.5 Noise ... 19
7.6 Cleaning energy efficiency ... 20
7.7 Other properties ... 20
8 Inspection rules ... 21
8.1 Inspection classification ... 21
8.2 Exit-factory inspection ... 21
8.3 Type inspection ... 22
8.4 Inspection sample processing ... 23
9 Marks, instructions for use, packaging, transportation and storage ... 23
9.1 Marks ... 23
9.2 Instructions for use ... 24
9.3 Packaging ... 25
9.4 Transport and storage ... 25
Annex A (normative) Test method for clean air delivery rate of particulate matter ... 26
Annex B (informative) Calculation method for applicable area ... 32
Annex C (normative) Test method for cumulate clean mass of particulate matter ... 36
Annex D (informative) Conversion method for cleaning life of particulate matter ... 39
Annex E (normative) Test method for clean air delivery rate of gaseous pollutants .. 42
Annex F (normative) Test method for cumulate clean mass of gaseous pollutants ... 48
Annex G (informative) Conversion method for cleaning life of gaseous pollutants .. 51
Annex H (normative) Test method for virus removal performance ... 54
Annex I (informative) Test method for allergen removal performance ... 64
Annex J (informative) Test method for odor removal performance ... 68
Annex K (informative) Test method for auto mode cleaning performance ... 71
Annex L (informative) Test method for performance of air duct type cleaning device
... 75
Annex M (informative) Test method for wearable cleaner performance ... 79
Annex N (informative) Test method for simulated secondary odor ... 83
Annex O (informative) Dynamic balance test method (de-ozone) ... 89
Bibliography ... 95
Air cleaner
1 Scope
nomenclature, requirements, test conditions, test methods, inspection rules, marks,
instructions for use, packaging, transportation and storage of air cleaners.
NOTE 1: The air cleaners involved in this document include independent air cleaning appliances
and various air cleaning modules.
This document applies to the household and similar air cleaners (hereinafter referred to
as "the cleaners") that have the function of removing one or more of the above-
mentioned target pollutants such as particulate matter, gaseous pollutants,
microorganisms (bacteria, fungi, viruses), odors and allergens.
This document is applicable to but not limited to the cleaners with the following
photocatalytic type, electrostatic type, plasma type, composite type.
NOTE 2: A composite cleaner refers to the cleaner that uses two or more cleaning principles to
remove one or more air pollutants.
The following products can be implemented with reference to this document:
- Small, portable cleaners, passenger car cleaners;
- Air duct type cleaning device and other similar cleaners;
- Other products with air cleaning function.
NOTE 3: For example, air conditioners, dehumidifiers, fresh air fans, fans, humidifiers, heaters and
vacuum cleaners.
- Cleaners designed for industrial use;
- Cleaners used in special environments of corrosive and explosive gases (such as
dust, steam and gas);
- Cleaners designed for medical use.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this
document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 191, Packaging and storage marks
electrical appliances
GB/T 2828.1, Sampling procedures for inspection by attributes - Part 1: Sampling
schemes indexed by acceptance quality limit (AQL) for lot-by-lot inspection
GB/T 2829, Sampling procedures and tables for periodic inspection by attributes
(apply to inspection of process stability)
GB/T 4214.1-2017, Test method for noise of household and similar electrical
appliances - General requirements
GB 4706.1, Household and similar electrical appliances-Safety Part 1: General
requirements
requirements for air-cleaning appliances
GB/T 5296.2-2008, Instructions for use of products of consumer interest - Part 2:
Household and similar electrical appliances
GB/T 18883, Standards for indoor air quality
GB 19489, Laboratories - General requirements for biosafety
GB 21551.3, Antibacterial and cleaning function for household and similar
electrical appliances - Particular requirements of air cleaner
GB/T 35758-2017, Household electrical appliances - Measurement of standby
power
cleaner
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
The operation mode that under no human operation, relies on sensors, algorithms to
automatically adjust the running gear.
3.5.4 off mode(s)
When the power supply unit of the cleaner is connected to the mains power supply,
there is no standby mode, network mode or active mode, and any mode in which the
state is continuous.
the category of off mode(s). For mode and function guidance, see Annex A of GB/T 35758-2017.
[Source: GB/T 35758-2017, 3.5, modified]
3.5.5 non-network standby mode(s)
Any mode that when the cleaner is connected to the main power supply, there is no
network connectivity function, and one or more of the following user-oriented functions
or protection functions are provided, and it is continuous.
- Other modes (including active mode on or off) can be triggered by triggering
remote switches (including remote control), internal sensors, timers;
- Information or status display including a clock;
NOTE: For mode and function guidance, see Annex A of GB/T 35758-2017. A timer is a clock
function (with or without a display) that performs a regularly scheduled task (such as a switch) and
works continuously.
[Source: GB/T 35758-2017, 3.6, modified]
3.5.6 network standby mode(s)
The mode in which the cleaner is connected to mains power and at least one of the
network functions has been activated (such as restarting by network command or
complete network communication), but the main function has not been activated.
NOTE: This mode cannot be used if the network function is not enabled and/or not connected to
responses. "Network" as used in this document includes communications between two or more
independently powered devices or products. A network does not contain one or more controls for a
single product. A network mode may include one or more standby functions.
[Source: GB/T 35758-2017, 3.7, modified]
3.6 standby power
The corresponding power consumption of the cleaner in off, standby, and network
modes.
NOTE: The unit is watts (W).
3.7 total decay
cleaning operation, the concentration of target pollutants in the air is reduced.
NOTE: Natural decay refers to the reduction of the concentration of target pollutants in the air due
to non-human factors such as settlement, agglomeration, surface deposition, chemical reaction and
air exchange under specified space and conditions.
3.8 clean air delivery rate; CADR
The parameter of the cleaning ability of the cleaner for the target pollutants (particulate
matter and gaseous pollutants) under the specified test conditions. It indicates the rate
at which the cleaner provides clean air.
NOTE: The unit is cubic meter per hour (m3/h).
The parameter of the cleaner’s cumulative cleaning capacity against target pollutants
(particulate matter and gaseous pollutants) under specified test conditions. It indicates
the total mass of the target pollutants accumulated for cleaning treatment when the
measured value of the clean air rate of the cleaner decays to 50% of the initial value.
NOTE: The unit is milligram (mg).
3.10 cleaning energy efficiency; η
The amount of clean air produced per unit power consumption by the cleaner in rated
mode.
NOTE: The unit is cubic meter per watt hour [m3/(W·h)].
4.1 Classification
4.1.1 Classification according to cleaning principle
b) The test power supply is a single-phase AC sine wave. The fluctuation range of
voltage and frequency shall not exceed ±1% of the rated value;
c) The tested prototype shall be tested in the rated mode or other modes that need to
be tested according to the usage method specified in the instructions for use;
d) Before the test, check that the target pollutant generation, measurement and
recording equipment shall be in normal use.
6.2 Measuring instruments
The test general measuring instruments shall meet the following requirements:
a) The electrical measuring instruments used for type tests, except for those specified
specifically, shall have an accuracy of not less than level 0.5. It shall not less than
level 1.0 for the exit-factory test;
b) Thermometer: the maximum allowable error is ±0.5℃;
c) Hygrometer: the maximum allowable error of relative humidity is ±2%;
d) Chronograph instrument: the maximum allowable error is ±1s/24h.
6.2.2 Special measuring instruments
For different test contents, special measuring instruments shall meet the requirements
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