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手持式电动工具的管理、使用、检查和维修安全技术规程
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GBT 3787-2017
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标准编号: GB/T 3787-2017 (GB/T3787-2017)
中文名称: 手持式电动工具的管理、使用、检查和维修安全技术规程
英文名称: Technical safety code for management, operation, inspection and maintenance of hand-held motor-operated electric tools
行业: 国家标准 (推荐)
中标分类: K64
国际标准分类: 25.140.20
字数估计: 10,153
发布日期: 2017-07-12
实施日期: 2018-02-01
起草单位: 上海电动工具研究所(集团)有限公司、机械工业北京电工技术经济研究所、中国质量认证中心上海分中心、苏州电器科学研究院股份有限公司、慈溪市贝士达电动工具有限公司、浙江正泰电器股份有限公司
归口单位: 全国电气安全标准化技术委员会(SAC/TC 25)
提出机构: 全国电气安全标准化技术委员会(SAC/TC 25)
发布机构: 中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局、中国国家标准化管理委员会
GB/T 3787-2017: 手持式电动工具的管理、使用、检查和维修安全技术规程
GB/T 3787-2017 英文名称: Technical safety code for management, operation, inspection and maintenance of hand-held motor-operated electric tools
ICS 25.140.20
K64
中华人民共和国国家标准
代替GB/T 3787-2006
1 范围
本标准规定了手持式电动工具(以下简称工具)的管理、使用、检查和维修的安全技术要求。
本标准适用于手持式电动工具的管理、使用、检查和维修。
4 管理
4.1 工具的管理内容应包括:
a) 检查工具是否具有国家强制认证标志、产品合格证和使用说明书;
b) 监督、检查工具的使用和维修;
c) 对工具的使用、保管、维修人员进行安全技术教育和培训;
d) 工具应存放在干燥、无有害气体或酸蚀性物质的场所;
e) 锂电池的运输要遵循相关国内及国际上的规定;
f) 使用单位应建立工具使用、检查和维修的技术档案。
4.2 应按本标准和工具产品使用说明书的要求及实际使用条件,制定相应的安全操作规程。安全操作
规程的内容至少应包括:
a) 工具的允许使用范围;
b) 工具的正确使用方法和操作程序;
c) 工具使用前应着重检查的项目和部位,以及使用中可能出现的危险和相应的防护措施;
d) 操作者注意事项。
5 使用
5.1 一般规定
包括:
a) 工具在使用前,操作者应认真阅读产品使用说明书和安全操作规程,详细了解工具的性能和掌
握正确使用方法;
b) Ⅰ类工具电源线中的绿/黄双色线在任何情况下只能用作保护接地线(PE);
c) 工具的电源线不得任意接长或拆换。当电源离工具操作点距离较远而电源线长度不够时,应
采用耦合器进行联接;
d) 工具的危险运动零、部件的防护装置(如防护罩、盖等)不得任意拆卸;
e) 如果进行加工的附件在操作时可能触及暗线或工具自身导线,则要通过绝缘握持面握持电动工具;
f) 使用前,操作者应采取必要的防护措施。操作人员在进行操作时须佩戴防护用品。根据适用
情况,使用面罩、安全护目镜或安全眼镜。适用时,戴上防尘面具、听力保护器、手套和能阻挡
小磨料或者工具碎片的工作围裙。
5.2 工具应用场合划分
工具应用场合划分为:
a) 一般作业场所,可使用Ⅱ类工具;
b) 在潮湿作业场所或金属构架上等导电性能良好的作业场所,应使用Ⅱ类或Ⅲ类工具;
c) 在锅炉、金属容器、管道内等作业场所,应使用Ⅲ类工具或在电气线路中装设额定剩余动作电
流不大于30mA的剩余电流动作保护器的Ⅱ类工具。
5.3 使用条件
包括:
a) 在一般场所使用Ⅰ类工具,还应在电气线路中采用剩余电流动作保护器、隔离变压器等保护措
施,其中剩余动作保护器的额定剩余动作电流的要求见GB 3883.1-2014的规定;
b) Ⅲ类工具的安全隔离变压器,Ⅱ类工具的剩余电流动作保护器及Ⅱ、Ⅲ类工具的电源控制箱和
电源耦合器等应放在作业场所的外面。在狭窄作业场所操作时,应有人在外监护;
c) 在湿热、雨雪等作业环境,应使用具有相应防护等级的工具;
d) 当使用带水源的电动工具时,应装设剩余电流动作保护器,额定剩余动作电流和动作时间的要
求见GB 3883.1-2014的规定,且应安装在不易拆除的地方。
5.4 插头和插座
插头插座应:
a) 工具电源线上的插头不得任意拆除或调换;
b) 工具的插头、插座应按规定正确接线,插头、插座中的保护接地极在任何情况下只能单独连接
保护接地线(PE)。严禁在插头、插座内用导线直接将保护接地极与工作中性线连接起来。
6 检查、维修
6.1 工具在发出或收回时,保管人员应进行一次日常检查;在使用前,使用者应进行日常检查。
6.2 工具的日常检查至少应包括以下项目:
a) 是否有产品认证标志及定期检查合格标志;
b) 外壳、手柄是否有裂缝或破损;
c) 保护接地线(PE)联接是否完好无损;
d) 电源线是否完好无损;
e) 电源插头是否完整无损;
f) 电源开关有无缺损、破裂,其动作是否正常、灵活;
g) 机械防护装置是否完好;
h) 工具转动部分是否转动灵活、轻快,有无阻滞现象;
i) 电气保护装置是否良好。
6.3 工具的定期检查的要求:
a) 工具使用单位应有专职人员进行定期检查,参见附录A。
b) 每年至少检查一次。
c) 在湿热和常有温度变化的地区或使用条件恶劣的地方还应相应缩短检查周期。
d) 在梅雨季节前应及时进行检查。
e) 工具的定期检查项目,除6.2的规定外,还应测量工具的绝缘电阻。绝缘电阻应不小于表1规
定的数值,绝缘电阻应使用500V兆欧表测量。
表1 绝缘电阻值
被试绝缘 绝缘电阻/MΩ
带电部分与壳体之间:
---基本绝缘
---加强绝缘
Ⅱ类工具中仅用基本绝缘与带电部分隔离的金属零件与壳体之间
f) 经定期检查合格的工具,应在工具的适当部位,粘贴检查“合格”标识。“合格”标识应鲜明、清
晰、正确并至少应包括:
1) 工具编号;
2) 检查单位名称或标记;
3) 检查人员姓名或标记;
4) 有效日期。
6.4 长期搁置不用的工具,在使用前应测量绝缘电阻。如果绝缘电阻小于表1规定的数值,应进行干
燥处理,经检查合格、粘贴“合格”标志后,方可使用。
损伤等故障时,应立即进行修理。在未修复前,不得继续使用。
6.6 工具的维修应由原生产单位认可的维修单位进行。
6.7 使用单位和维修部门不得任意改变工具的原设计参数,不得采用低于原用材料性能的代用材料和
与原有规格不符的零部件。
6.8 在维修时,工具内的绝缘衬垫、套管不得任意拆除或漏装,工具的电源线不得任意调换。
6.9 工具的电气绝缘部分经修理后,除应符合5.1、5.4、6.3e)的要求外,还应按表2的要求进行介电强
度试验,波形为实际正弦波、频率50Hz的电压,历时1min,
试验变压器应设计成:在输出电压调到适当的试验电压值后,在输出端短路时,输出电流不小于
200mA。当输出电流低于100mA时,过电流继电器不应动作。
应用的安全技术要求的工具应办理报废手续并采取隔离措施。
GB/T 3787-2017
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 25.140.20
K 64
Replacing GB/T 3787-2006
Technical safety code for management, operation,
inspection and maintenance of hand-held motor-
operated electric tools
ISSUED ON. JULY 12, 2017
IMPLEMENTED ON. FEBRUARY 1, 2018
Issued by. General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine of the People's Republic of China;
Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of
China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 5
2 Normative references ... 5
3 Terms and definitions ... 5
4 Management ... 6
5 Operation ... 7
6 Inspection and maintenance ... 8
Annex A (Informative) Periodic inspection record sheet ... 12
Foreword
This Standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This Standard replaces GB/T 3787-2006, Technical safety code for management,
operation, inspection and maintenance of hand-held motor-operated electric tools.
Compared with GB/T 3787-2006, the major technical changes are as follows.
-- it adds “terms and definitions” (see Clause 3);
-- it adds that “the transportation lithium batteries must comply with relevant
domestic and international regulations” and deletes the “methods for storage and
maintenance of tools” (see Clause 4);
-- the narrative order of “operation” of Clause 5 is adjusted, which is divided into 5.1
“general provisions”, 5.2 “classification of tools’ applications”, 5.3 “operation
conditions” and 5.4 “plugs and sockets”;
-- it adds the requirements for gripping and protective articles when operators are
using tools (see Clause 5);
-- it adds the safety requirements for electric tools with water source (see Clause 5);
-- it adds the non-operating current value of overcurrent relays (see 6.9);
-- it adds table titles for Table 1 and Table 2 and changes the content of Table 1;
-- it changes the relevant content in Annex A to the former standard by moving it to
Clause 3;
-- it changes Annex B to the former standard into the informative annex “periodic
inspection record sheet” and adjust it to be Annex A.
This Standard was proposed by and shall be under the jurisdiction of National
Technical Committee 25 on Electric Safety of Standardization Administration of China
(SAC/TC 25).
The drafting organizations of this Standard. Shanghai Electric Tool Research Institute
(Group) Co., Ltd., Machinery Industry Beijing Electrotechnical Institute of Economic
Research, China Quality Certification Centre Shanghai Branch, Suzhou Electrical
Apparatus Science Research Institute Co., Ltd., Cixi City Best Power Tools Co., Ltd.,
Zhejiang Chint Electric Co., Ltd.
The main drafters of this Standard. Gu Jing, Zhu Shanshan, Wu Wei, Hu Chun, Yu
Liming, Zhang Yinglin, Li Xiaozhong.
Technical safety code for management, operation,
inspection and maintenance of hand-held motor-
operated electric tools
1 Scope
This Standard specifies the safety requirements for management, operation,
inspection and maintenance of hand-held motor-operated electric tools (hereinafter
referred to as tools).
This Standard applies to the management, operation, inspection and maintenance of
hand-held motor-operated electric tools.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this
document. For dated references, only the edition dated applies to this document. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced documents (including all
amendments) applies to this document.
tools and lawn and garden tools – Part 1. General requirements
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms defined in GB/T 3883.1-2014 apply.
3.1
class I tool
It is such a tool that its protection against electric not only relies on basic insulation,
double insulation or reinforced insulation, but also includes an additional safety
measure, i.e. the easily accessible live parts and the protective earth leads for fixed
wiring in the installations are connected to ensure the easily accessible live parts
deemed as a class I tool which has double insulation and/or reinforced insulation with
a) the general job applications, where class II tools may be used;
b) the applications in damp sites or metal frameworks or other sites with good
electrical conductivity, where class II or class III tools shall be used;
c) the applications in boilers, metal containers and pipes, where class III tools or
class II tools for which residual current action protectors of rated residual action
current not greater than 30 mA are installed in electrical circuits.
5.3 Operation conditions
Include.
protective measures in electrical circuits such as residual current action
protectors and isolation transformers;
b) that the safety isolation transformers for class III tools, the residual current action
protectors for class II tools, and the power control boxes and power couplers for
tools of classes II and III shall be placed outside the job sites. During the
operation in a narrow job site, there shall be people outside for monitoring and
guarding;
c) that tools of corresponding protection degrees shall be used in the job
environment such as damp-heat and rain-snow;
shall be installed. For the requirements for rated residual action current and
action time see the specifications of GB/T 3883.1-2014. And they shall be
installed where it is not easy to dismantle them.
5.4 Plugs and sockets
Plugs and sockets.
a) the plugs of the power lines of tools shall not be dismantled or replaced randomly;
b) the plugs and sockets of tools shall be correctly wired as specified; the protective
earth electrodes in plugs and sockets shall only be connected separately with
protective earth lines under any circumstance. It is prohibited to use leads to
6 Inspection and maintenance
6.1 When tools are sent out or received, storemen shall carry out one routine
inspection; before use, operators shall carry out routine inspection.
Between enclosure and metal parts isolated from live parts only using basic
insulation in class II tools
f) tools passing periodic inspection shall be labelled with inspection “pass” marking at
appropriate location of tools. The “pass” marking shall be distinctive, clear and correct,
at least including.
1) the number of tools;
3) the name or sign of inspection personnel;
4) the effective dates.
6.4 Tools which are not used for a long term, shall be subjected to the measurement
of insulating resistance before operation. If the insulating values are smaller than the
values specified in Table 1, they shall be subjected to drying treatment. They shall only
be used after they pass the inspection and are labelled with the “pass” marks.
6.5 In case of any insulation damage, fracture of power lines’ sheath, falling-off of
protective earth lines, crack of plugs and sockets or mechanical damage detrimental
to safety, etc., it shall be repaired immediately. Before repair, their use shall not be
6.6 The maintenance of tools shall be carried out by a maintenance organization
approved by their manufacturer.
6.7 User and maintenance department shall not change the original design
parameters of tools randomly, nor use alternative materials inferior to original materials
used or parts not in conformity with the original specifications.
6.8 During maintenance, the insulating liners and buses in tools shall not be
dismantled or omitted randomly; the power lines of tools shall not be replaced randomly.
6.9 After the electrical insulation parts of tools are repaired, in addition to the
requirements of 5.1, 5.4 and 6.3 e), they shall also be subjected to the dielectric
sinusoidal wave; the voltage is at a frequency of 50 Hz; the duration is 1 min. During
the test, no flashover or breakdown will occur.
Table 2 – Voltages for dielectric strength test
Location of test voltage applied
Test voltage/V
Class I tools Class II tools Class III tools
Between live parts and
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