标准搜索结果: 'GB/T 4208-2017英文版'
| 标准号码 | 内文 | 价格(元) | 第2步 | 交付天数[PDF] | 标准名称 | 相关标准 |
| GB/T 4208-2017 |
英文版
| 720 |
购买全文
|
现货, 9秒内下载
|
外壳防护等级(IP代码)
|
GBT 4208-2017
|
标准编号: GB/T 4208-2017 (GB/T4208-2017)
中文名称: 外壳防护等级(IP代码)
英文名称: Degrees of protection provided by enclosure (IP code)
行业: 国家标准 (推荐)
中标分类: K09
国际标准分类: 13.260
字数估计: 38,362
发布日期: 2017-07-31
实施日期: 2018-02-01
起草单位: 机械工业北京电工技术经济研究所、杭州之江开关股份有限公司、上海电动工具研究所、威凯检测技术有限公司、苏州电器科学研究院股份有限公司、上海电器设备检测所、广东产品质量监督检验研究院、东莞市广安电气检测中心有限公司、浙江正泰电器股份有限公司、东莞市科翔试验设备有限公司、天水二一三电器有限公司、北京ABB低压电器有限公司、南京曼奈柯斯电器有限公司、施耐德电气(上海)有限公司、北京突破电气有限公司
归口单位: 全国电气安全标准化技术委员会(SAC/TC 25)
提出机构: 全国电气安全标准化技术委员会(SAC/TC 25)
发布机构: 中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局、中国国家标准化管理委员会
GB/T 4208-2017: 外壳防护等级(IP代码)
GB/T 4208-2017 英文名称: Degrees of protection provided by enclosure (IP code)
ICS 13.260
K09
中华人民共和国国家标准
代替GB/T 4208-2008
2017-07-31发布
2018-02-01实施
中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局
中国国家标准化管理委员会发布
1 范围
本标准适用于额定电压不超过72.5kV,借助外壳防护的电气设备的防护分级。
本标准的目的如下:
a) 规定电气设备下述内容的外壳防护等级:
1) 对人体触及外壳内的危险部件的防护;
2) 对固体异物进入外壳内设备的防护;
3) 对水进入外壳内对设备造成有害影响的防护。
b) 防护等级的标识。
c) 各防护等级标识的要求。
d) 按本标准的要求对外壳作验证试验。
各类产品引用外壳防护等级的程度和方式,以及采用何种外壳,留待产品标准决定,对具体的防护
等级所采用的试验应符合本标准的规定,必要时,在有关产品标准中可增加补充要求。可在有关产品标
准中作具体规定的细则参见附录B。
对特殊型式的设备,产品标准可以规定不同的要求,但至少要保证相同的安全水平。
本标准仅考虑在各方面都符合有关产品标准规定的外壳,在正常使用条件下,外壳的材料和工艺应
保证达到所需要的防护等级。
如果某类设备满足试验一般要求而且所选择的防护等级适用于该设备型式,则本标准也适用于该
型式设备的空外壳。
有关机械损坏、锈蚀、腐蚀性溶剂(如切削液)、霉菌、虫害、太阳辐射、结冰、潮湿(如凝露引起的)、
爆炸性气体等外部影响或环境条件对外壳和壳内设备破坏的防护措施以及防止与外壳外部危险运动部
件(如风扇)的接触由有关产品标准规定。不与外壳连接的隔板以及专门为人身安全设置的阻挡物,不
看作外壳的一部分,本标准不予研究。
5.1 对接近危险部件的防护
5.2 对固体异物进入的防护
10 标志
产品标准应对标志的要求做出规定。
对于下述情况,产品标准应对标志方法也做出适当规定:
---当外壳的一部分与另一部分的防护等级不同时;
---安装位置对防护等级有影响时;
---须说明最大潜水深度和时间时。
11 试验一般要求
11.1 防水防尘试验的环境条件
除非有关产品标准另有规定,试验应在GB/T 2421.1-2008规定的标准环境条件下进行。
11.2 试样
本标准规定的试验是型式试验。除非产品标准另有规定,每次试验用样品应是清洁的新制品。
所有部件应按制造厂指定的状态安装就位。如试验不能以整台设备进行,应以有代表性的部
件或以有相同比例设计的较小的设备进行。
11.3 试验要求的应用与试验结果判断
试验一般要求的应用及设备有泄水孔、通风孔时试验的接受条件由有关产品标准规定。如无这些
规定,应按本标准的规定进行。
试验结果的判断由有关产品标准规定。如没有规定,本标准的接受条件应作为最低要求。
11.5 空外壳
如果被试外壳内部没有设备,外壳的制造厂应在说明书中详细说明危险部件或者会因异物或水进
入而造成影响的部件所在的位置及预留的空间。最后组装的生产厂应能保证电气设备封装进外
壳后满足最终产品的防护等级的要求。
12 第一位特征数字所表示的对接近危险部件防护的试验
12.1 试具
接近危险部件防护试验的试具见表6。
12.2 试验条件
试具被推入或(当第一位特征数字为2试验时)插入外壳的任何开口所用的力由表6规定。
进行低压设备的试验时,在试具与壳内危险部件之间串接一个指示灯,并供以40V~50V之间的
安全特低电压1)。如果危险带电部件表面有一层漆膜或氧化层或有其他类似方法的保护,则试验时包
覆一层金属箔,并与正常工作时带电的部件作电联结。
1) 从安全角度考虑,试指与壳内带电部分之间所接指示灯的电源电压应为安全特低电压,IEC 60529:1989规定此
电源电压在“40V~50V之间的特低电压”。本指示灯电路也可用于高压设备的危险运动部件。如有可能,应
使外壳内的运动部件缓慢运动。
12.3 接受条件
如果试具与危险部件之间有足够的间隙,则防护合格。
第一位特征数字为1的试验,直径50mm的试具不得完全进入开口。
第一位特征数字为2的试验,铰接试指可进入80mm长,但挡盘(ϕ50mm×20mm)不得进入开口。从直线
位置开始,试指的两个接点应绕相邻面的轴线在90°范围内自由弯曲。应使试指在每一个可能的位置上活动。
12.3.1 对于低压设备(额定电压:交流不超过1kV,直流不超过1.5kV)
试具不能触及危险带电部件。
12.3.2 对于高压设备(额定电压:交流超过1kV,直流超过1.5kV)
当试具放在最不利的位置时,设备应能承受有关产品标准规定的适用于该设备的耐电压试验。
检验还可通过观察规定的空气中的间隙尺寸来确定。这个间隙应能保证在最不利的电场分布下通
过耐电压试验(见IEC 60071-2)。
如果外壳包括有不同电压等级的几个部分,应对每一部分确定足够间隙的适当验收条件。
注:某些型式的电气设备内部产生的最高电压(工作电压的方均根值或直流值)比设备的额定电压值
要高。产品标准在确定耐电压试验的电压和足够的间隙时,应考虑这个最高电压值的影响。
试具不得触及危险的机械部件。
如果足够的间隙是通过试具与危险部件之间的指示灯电路来检验,试验时指示灯应不亮。
13 第一位特征数字所表示的防止固体异物进入的试验
13.1 试验方法
试验方法和主要试验条件见表7。
13.2 第一位特征数字为1、2、3、4的试验条件
物体试具推入外壳开口所用的力由表7规定。
13.3 第一位特征数字为1、2、3、4的接受条件
如果表7中试具的直径不能通过任何开口,则试验合格。
试验应在防尘箱中进行,其基本原理如图2所示。密闭试验箱内的粉末循环泵可用能使滑石粉悬
浮的其他方法代替。滑石粉应用金属方孔筛滤过。金属丝直径50μm,筛孔尺寸为75μm。滑石粉用
量为每立方米试验箱容积2kg,使用次数不得超过20次。
13.5 第一位特征数字为5的特殊条件
13.5.1 第一位特征数字为5的试验条件
除了有关产品标准规定外壳为第二种以外,外壳都看作第一种。
13.5.2 第一位特征数字为5的接受条件
试验后,观察滑石粉沉积量及沉积地点,如果同其他灰尘一样,不足以影响设备的正常操作或安全,
即认为试验合格。除非有关产品标准明确规定了特例,在可能沿爬电距离导致电痕化处不允许有灰尘沉积。
13.6.1 第一位特征数字为6的试验条件
无论外壳内压力是否减至低于大气压力,都看作是第一种外壳。
13.6.2 第一位特征数字为6的接受条件
试验后壳内无明显的灰尘沉积,即认为试验合格。
14 第二位特征数字所表示的防止水进入的试验
14.1 试验方法
试验方法和主要试验条件见表8。
14.2 试验条件
主要试验条件见表8。
试验用设备应能在外壳整个面上产生均匀水流。这种设备的示例如图3a)。
外壳置于转速为1r/min的转台上,偏心距(转台轴线与试样轴线的距离)大约为100mm。
外壳在滴水箱下面置于正常工作位置,滴水箱底部应大于俯视图面。除安装在墙上或天花板上的
设备外,被试外壳的支承物应比外壳底部小。
对安装在墙上或天花板上的设备,应按正常使用位置安装在木板上,木板的尺寸等于设备在正常使
用时与墙或天花板的接触面积。试验进行10min。
14.2.2 第二位特征数字为2的滴水箱试验
滴水箱的规定同14.2.1。调节水流速度,使其符合表8规定。
不同于第二位特征数字为1的试验,支承外壳的台不旋转。被试外壳在四个倾斜的固定位置各试
14.2.3 第二位特征数字为3的摆管或淋水喷头试验
试验(按相关产品标准的规定)用图4和图5示意的两种试验设备之一进行。
a) 使用图4试验设备(摆管)的条件。
按表9规定调节总的水流量,并用水流计测量。摆管中点两边各60°弧段内布有喷水孔。支承物不
必打孔。被试外壳放在摆管半圆中心。摆管沿垂线两边各摆动60°,共120°,每次摆动(2×120°)
约需4s,试验持续时间5min。然后把外壳沿水平方向旋转90°,再试验5min。摆管最大允许半径为
1600mm。如果某些型式的设备试验时外壳所有部分不能全部淋湿,可上下调整外壳支承物。这种
情况应优先使用图5所示手持试验设备(淋水喷头)。
b) 使用图5试验设备(淋水喷头)的条件。
调节水压,使达到规定出水量。所需压力在50kPa~150kPa的范围。试验期间压力应维持恒定。
试验时间按外壳表面积计算1min/m2(不包括安装面积),最少5min。
14.2.4 第二位特征数字为4的摆管或淋水喷头试验
a) 使用图4试验设备(摆管)的条件。
喷水孔布满于摆管半圆180°内。按表9规定调节水流量,并用流量计测量。
a 根据规定距离布置开孔,实际开孔数N 可增加1个。
摆管沿垂线两边各摆动180°,共约360°,每次摆动(2×360°)约需12s。试验进行10min。
如果有关产品标准未做规定,被试外壳的支承物应开孔,以避免成为挡水板。将摆管在每一方
向摆动到最大限度,使外壳在各方向都受到溅水。
从喷头上除去平衡重物的挡板,使外壳在各个可能的方向都受到溅水。
水流速度和每单位面积的溅水时间如14.2.3规定。
14.2.5 第二位特征数字为5的6.3mm喷嘴试验
用图6所示标准试验喷嘴在所有可能的方向向被试外壳喷水。
14.2.6 第二位特征数字为6的12.5mm喷嘴试验
用图6所示标准试验喷嘴在所有可能的方向向被试外壳喷水。
14.2.7 第二位特征数字为7的0.15m至1m的短时间浸水试验
14.2.8 第二位特征数字为8根据协议的持续浸水试验
若无相应的产品标准,试验条件应由生产厂和用户协商,但条件应比14.2.7条规定的严酷而且要
14.2.9 第二位特征数字为9的喷水试验
试验是由通过标准测试喷嘴(这种设备的示例如图7、图8、图9所示)流出的水流喷射外壳进行的。
用于测量水射流冲击力的装置,见图10。公差范围内,应根据上限和下限验证冲击力分布,见图11。
14.3 接受条件
外壳经14.2.1~14.2.9规定的试验后,应检查外壳进水情况。
如可能,有关产品标准应规定允许的进水量及耐电压试验的细节。
一般说来,如果进水,应不足以影响设备的正常操作或破坏安全性;水不积聚在可能导致沿爬电距
离引起漏电起痕的绝缘部件上;水不进入带电部件,或进入不允许在潮湿状态下运行的绕组;水不积聚
在电缆头附近或进入电缆。如外壳有泄水孔,应通过观察证明进水不会积聚,且能排出而不损害设备。
GB/T 4208-2017
Degrees of protection provided by enclosure(IP code)
ICS 13.260
K09
National Standards of People's Republic of China
Replacing GB/T 4208-2008
Shell protection class (IP code)
(IEC 60529.2013, IDT)
Published on.2017-07-31
2018-02-01 Implementation
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China
China National Standardization Administration released
Foreword
This standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This standard replaces GB/T 4208-2008 "Enclosure Protection Level (IP Code)"; this standard and GB/T 4208-2008 "Shell Protection
Compared with the grade (IP code), the main technical changes except the editorial modification are as follows.
---4.1, adding the second feature digit 9 to the IP code configuration;
---4.2, increase the meaning of the second characteristic number 9;
---4.3, an example of adding a 3-marker to the IPX5/IPX7/IPX9 shell;
--- Chapter 6, Revising the Application of the Second Feature Value Above 6;
--- Table 8, to increase the water resistance test method and main test conditions of the second characteristic number 9;
---14.2.9, increase the second characteristic number 9 water spray test;
--- Increase the size of Figure 7 --- fan nozzle;
--- Increase the size of Fig. 8 --- fan nozzle nozzle for testing;
--- Increased Figure 9 - Example of fan nozzles with different surface smoothness;
--- Addition of Figure 10 --- Measuring the impact of water spray, anti-IPX9 high temperature/high pressure water spray device;
--- Figure 11 --- impact force distribution;
--- Increased Figure 12 --- Inspection IPX9 protection grade of small enclosures, high temperature/high pressure water spray;
--- Add Appendix B B.25.
This standard uses the translation method equivalent to using IEC 60529.2013 "Enclosure Protection Level (IP code)" (English version).
The Chinese documents that have a consistent correspondence with the normatively cited international documents in this standard are as follows.
---GB/T 311.2-2013 Insulation coordination - Part 2. Guidelines for use (IEC 60071-2.1996, MOD)
---GB/T 2900.71-2008 Electrical Apparatus for Electrical Terms (IEC 60050-826.2004, IDT)
---GB/T 2900.73-2008 Electrical Terminology Grounding and Shock Protection (IEC 60050-195.1998, MOD)
This standard is proposed and managed by the National Electrical Safety Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC25).
This standard is mainly drafted by. Beijing Electrotechnical and Economic Research Institute of Machinery Industry, Hangzhou Zhijiang Switch Co., Ltd., Shanghai Electric
Tool Institute, Weikai Detection Technology Co., Ltd., Suzhou Electric Apparatus Research Institute Co., Ltd., Shanghai Electrical Equipment Inspection Institute, Guangdong
Quality Supervision and Inspection Institute, Dongguan Guang'an Electric Testing Center Co., Ltd., Zhejiang Zhengtai Electric Co., Ltd., Dongguan City Kexiang
Test Equipment Co., Ltd., Tianshui February 13 Electrical Appliance Co., Ltd., Beijing ABB Low Voltage Electrical Appliance Co., Ltd., Nanjing Mennekes Electric Appliance Co., Ltd.
Division, Schneider Electric (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Beijing Breakthrough Electric Co., Ltd.
The main drafters of this standard. Guo Ting, Ma Hong, Ma Xuefeng, Pan Shunfang, Liu Gonggui, Zhang Min, Wang Aiguo, Zeng Yanhong, Ma Guifen, Yuan Xiaoyu,
Chen Jianbing, Fang Fengshu, Che Hansheng, Ke Changzheng, Ni Lan, Wang Zhongdan, Liang Jun, Zhang Ping, and Jin Weidong.
The previous versions of the standard replaced by this standard are.
--- GB 4208-1984, GB 4208-1993, GB/T 4208-2008.
introduction
This standard describes the rating system provided by the electrical equipment enclosure. Although this system is suitable for most types of electrical
Equipment, but not all types of protection are necessarily applied to specific types of electrical equipment. Manufacturers of equipment should be advised to determine the appropriate protection
Protect grades and apply equipment components of this grade.
The application of this grading system will make the narrative method and the corresponding level of test methods provided by the outer shell as uniform as possible. This
The wider range of products that will make the test equipment suitable will also reduce the number of test equipment required.
The second edition of IEC 60529 takes into account the experience of the first edition and clarifies the requirements. When actually preventing people from approaching dangerous parts
Above the level indicated by the first feature number, this standard provides optional extended ranges by appending the letters A, B, C, and D.
This revision only increases the protection level of the second characteristic number 9 and does not modify the degree of protection already specified in GB/T 4208-2008.
Therefore, the existing test methods are not modified.
In general, the shell labeled with an IP code in the previous version will fit the same level as this version.
Shell protection class (IP code)
1 Scope
This standard applies to rated voltage does not exceed 72.5kV, with the protection of electrical equipment protection class.
The purpose of this standard is as follows.
a) Enclosure protection rating for electrical equipment as follows.
1) Protection against human body touching dangerous parts inside the enclosure;
2) Protection against the entry of solid foreign matter into the equipment inside the enclosure;
3) Protection against harmful effects of water entering the enclosure.
b) Identification of the degree of protection.
c) Requirements for each level of protection marking.
d) Verification test of the shell according to the requirements of this standard.
The extent and manner of various types of products refer to the degree of protection of the enclosure, and what kind of enclosure is used, to be determined by product standards, and for specific protection
The tests used for the grades shall comply with the provisions of this standard, and additional requirements may be added to the relevant product standards when necessary. Can be in the relevant product standard
Refer to Appendix B for details of the specific provisions for quasi-in-China.
For special types of equipment, product standards can specify different requirements, but at least ensure the same level of safety.
Ensure that the required degree of protection is achieved.
If a certain type of equipment meets the general requirements of the test and the selected degree of protection applies to the type of equipment, this standard also applies to this type of equipment.
Empty housing of type equipment.
Related to mechanical damage, rust, corrosive solvents (such as cutting fluids), molds, insect pests, solar radiation, icing, moisture (as caused by condensation), explosions
Explosive gas and other external influences or environmental conditions to prevent damage to the equipment in the enclosure and enclosure and to prevent external moving parts with the enclosure
The contact (eg fan) is regulated by the relevant product standard.
Partitions that are not connected to the enclosure and barriers that are specifically designed for personal safety are not considered as part of the enclosure and are not studied in this standard.
2 Normative references
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only dated versions apply to this article
GB/T 2421.1-2008 Overview and Guide for Environmental Testing of Electrical and Electronic Products (IEC 60068-1.1988, IDT)
GB/T 2423.37-2006 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products Part 2. Test methods Test L. Sand dust test
(IEC 60068-2-68.1994, IDT)
IEC 60050-195..1998 International Electrotechnical Terminology, Part 195. Grounding and electric shock protection
IEC 60050(826).1982 International Electrotechnical Term 826. Electrical Installations for Buildings
IEC 60071-2.1996 Insulation coordination - Part 2. Guidelines for use
3 Terms and Definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this document.
3.1
Devices that prevent the device from being exposed to certain external influences and that prevent direct contact in all directions.
Note. This definition is taken from the current International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) and is explained within the scope of this standard as follows.
1) The enclosure provides protection of the person or animal from the hazardous parts inside the enclosure.
2) Preventing or limiting the entry of partitions, openings or other openings in the test equipment specified in this standard, whether attached to the outer shell or sheathed
Prepared, are counted as part of the shell, except the parts can be removed without the use of keys or tools.
[IEC 826-03-12]
3.2
Direct contact with directcontact
Human or animal contact with live parts.
[IEC 826-03-05]
3.3
Protection degree degreeofprotection
According to the inspection method specified in the standard, the protection provided by the enclosure to the person near the dangerous part, the prevention of the entry of solid foreign matter or the entry of water shall be determined.
degree.
3.4
IP code IPcode
Indicates the degree of protection of the enclosure from access to hazardous parts, prevention of the entry of solid foreign matter or water, and gives additional protection related to these protections
Information code system.
Hazardouspart hazardous part
Parts that are dangerous when approaching or touching.
3.5.1
Hazardous live parts hazardouslivelivepart
A charged part that can cause a harmful electrical shock under certain conditions.
[IEC 60050-195, definition 195-06-05]
3.5.2
Hazardous mechanical parts
Contact with dangerous moving parts. Except smooth rotating axis.
Housing protection against dangerous parts protectionprovidedbyanenclosureagainstaccesstohazardousparts
Shell to human body.
--- Protection from contact with dangerous low-voltage live parts;
--- Protection from contact with dangerous mechanical parts;
--- Prevents dangerous high-voltage live parts from being exposed if there is not enough room inside the enclosure.
Note. This protection can be assisted by.
--- Shell itself;
--- The baffle that is part of the enclosure or is achieved by means of the distance within the enclosure.
3.7
Prevents touching the test tool to or near the dangerous part.
3.8
Touch the test tool accessprobe
Can easily imitate a part of the human body or imitate a tool or the like, hand held by the person to check whether there is enough clearance from the dangerous part
Inspection tools.
3.9
Object test object object
An inspection tool that simulates the detection of solid foreign matter and its possibility of entering the enclosure.
3.10
The holes or crevices that are present in the enclosure itself or that have been imposed by the test tool with a defined external force.
4 Identification
The degree of protection provided by the enclosure is indicated in the following manner using the IP code.
4.1 Configuration of IP Codes
IP 2 3 CH
Code letter
(International Protection)
First feature number
(number 0~6 or letter)
(numbers 0-9 or letters)
Additional letter
(letters A, B, C, D)
Supplementary letter
(The letters H, M, S, W)
When it is not required to specify a feature number, it is replaced by the letter "X" (if both letters are omitted, "XX" is used).
Additional letters and/or supplementary letters can be omitted without replacement.
When more than one supplemental letter is used, they should be arranged alphabetically.
When the housing uses different mounting methods to provide different degrees of protection, the manufacturer shall indicate the protection against the corresponding installation instructions.
See Chapter 10 for details of the shell logo method.
4.2 Elements of the IP Code and Their Meanings
A brief description of each element of the IP code is given in the table below. For details, see the section indicated in the last column of the table.
Composition Numbers or Letters Meaning of Device Protection Meaning of Personnel Protection Reference Chapter
Code letter
The first one
Feature number
IP
Prevent the entry of solid foreign matter
≥ diameter 50mm
≥ diameter 12.5mm
≥ diameter 2.5mm
≥ diameter 1.0mm
dust-proof
Dense
Prevents access to dangerous parts
No protection
Hand back
tool
metal wire
metal wire
metal wire
Chapter 5
second
Feature number
Additional letter
(optional)
(optional)
Prevent harmful effects of water ingress
No protection
Vertical drip
15° drop of water
Watering
Splashing water
Water spray
Violent water spray
|