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汽车防滑链
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QCT 1057-2017
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标准编号: QC/T 1057-2017 (QC/T1057-2017)
中文名称: 汽车防滑链
英文名称: Snow chains for vehicle
行业: 汽车行业标准 (推荐)
中标分类: T26
字数估计: 14,142
发布日期: 2017-01-09
实施日期: 2017-07-01
标准依据: 工业和信息化部公告2017年第2号
范围: 本标准规定了汽车防滑链的的术语和定义、要求、试验方法、同一型式的判定及包装要求。
QC/T 1057-2017
Snow chains for vehicle
汽 车 防 滑 链
范围
本标准规定了汽车防滑链的术语和定义、要求、试验方法、同一型式的判定及包装要求。
本标准适用于 Ml 类汽车防滑链。
规范性引用文件2
下列文件对于本标准的应用是必不可少的。凡是注日期的引用文件，仅所注日期的版本适用于
本标准。凡是不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本(包括所有的修改单)适用于本标准。
GB/T 12534 汽车道路试验方法通则
GB 21670 乘用车制动系统技术要求及试验方法
3 术语和定义
F列术语和定义适用于本标准。
3.1
汽车防滑链 snow chains for vechicle
安装在汽车轮胎上，用于増加轮胎与路面抓地力的装置。
3.2
压实雪直道 packed snow covered track
至少长 500 m、宽 50 m 压实雪的平坦直道，坡度<2%,CTI 针人度计测得的雪地压实指数(见附
录 A)为 70〜80。
3.3
冰直道 ice covered track
至少长 200 m、宽20 m、冰面摩擦系数为 0.1-0.2的平坦直道，坡度<2%。
4 要求
4.1 一般要求
4.1.1 汽车防滑链外观应形状完整、无裂口、无脱层，不应出现损害路面的尖角；防滑链表面应无锈
蚀、无镀层脱落、无裂纹、无挤压变形;应装配紧密。
4.1.2 汽车防滑链的装卸应快捷方便。
4.1.3 汽车防滑链在安装、使用和拆除过程中不应损坏轮胎。
4.1.4 汽车防滑链安装后，凸出轮胎内侧胎侧表面不应大于 20mm,凸出轮胎外侧胎侧表面不应大
于 25 mm。
4.1.5 汽车防滑链安装后，行驶中不应与车辆发生干涉。
4.2 性能要求
4.2.1 制动性能要求。
按 5.2试验时，在压实雪直道上安装汽车防滑链试验车辆的 MFDDCMFDD是车辆制动时充分
发出的平均减速度，见 GB 21670)与同一试验车辆未安装汽车防滑链的 MFDD 的比值应不小于
1.3 。
在冰直道上安装汽车防滑链试验车辆的 MFDD 与同一试验车辆未安装汽车防滑链的 MFDD
的比值应不小于1.3。
4.2.2 牵引性能要求。
按 5.3试验时，在压实雪直道上安装汽车防滑链试验车辆的最大牵引力与同一试验车辆未安装
汽车防滑链的最大牵引力比值应不小于 1.2。
4.2.3 装车行驶要求。
按 5.4试验时，安装汽车防滑链的试验车辆在规定的试验道路上应至少行驶 80 km，其中在无
冰雪的沥青路或水泥路上至少行驶 20km。
试验车辆在爬坡路面应能正常起步，试验过程中安装汽车防滑链的轮胎不应连续打滑、轮胎及
其路面均不应损坏，试验过程中汽车防滑链不应断裂，试验结束后汽车防滑链应完整。
5 试验方法
5.1 试验条件
5.1.1 环境条件。
试验环境温度：- 15 °C以下。
5.1.2 气象条件。
试验时应是无雪、无雾天气;试验时风速不大于 5 m/s。
5.1.3 试验车辆。
试验车辆为两轮驱动且装配有 ABS 系统的四轮乘用车，车况应满足整车技术条件，车辆载荷为
整备质量加前排两名试验员及必备的试验仪器,试验轮胎应为新的普通轮胎（非冬季轮胎），胎压按
照厂家推荐值设定。试验前试验车辆应在干燥沥青或水泥路面上行驶至少100 km。试验前应对轮
胎表面进行清洁。
试验车辆应具备牵引功能。
5.1.4 试验场地
5.1.4.1 压实雪直道。
压实雪直道厚度为 60
层为 25 mm〜50 mm 厚的中重度压实雪层(见附录 B)。
5.1.4.2 冰直道。
冰直道起点之前至少有与冰直道同宽的长 300 m的助跑道,冰直道终点之后至少有与冰直道同
宽的长 50 m 的安全区，整个跑道的左右两侧应留有10 m 宽的安全区。
5.1.5 试验仪器。
试验仪器应符合 GB/T 12534 中 3.5 条的规定,MFDD 应在规定试验车速下用准确度为±1%
的仪器测定，也可用除测量车速外的其他方法测定 MFDD，在这种情况下，其测试仪器的准确度应在
土3%内。测力计准确度应为±1%。
5.2 制动性能试验方法
制动性能试验是试验车辆在短时间内重复进行规定次数的制动测试操作（ABS 产生作用），制
动性能试验结果是这些测试数据的平均值。
试验车辆在压实雪直道和冰直道上，分别进行初速度为30 km/h 的紧急制动试验，记录 MFDD。
压实雪直道制动时峰值踏板力应不大于 500 N，冰直道制动时峰值踏板力应不大于 800 N，制动过程
中，踏板力应尽量保持恒定。压实雪直道和冰直道制动试验各至少进行3次。
上述试验车辆的驱动轮上装备汽车防滑链，重复上述操作。
每次制动性能试验应避开之前的试验轮胎轨迹，若不可避免重叠时应对试验路面重新进行处理。
注:上述每一次制动性能试验的峰值踏板力应尽量接近。
5.3 牵引性能试验方法
这些测试数据的平均值。
在压实雪直道上，试验车辆与被牵引车辆用牵引绳连接，试验车辆前排乘坐 2 名乘员（含驾驶
员）,被牵引车辆前排乘坐 1名驾驶员。试验车辆起步后保持 10 km/h〜30 km/h 的车速行驶，被牵
引车辆缓慢制动直至试验车辆的驱动轮打滑，记录试验过程中的最大牵引力，试验至少进行3次。
牵引车辆的驱动轮上装备汽车防滑链，重复上述操作。
每次制动试验应避开之前的试验轮胎轨迹，若不可避免重叠时应对试验路面重新进行处理。
被牵引车辆的试验质量应确保试验车辆能够产生最大牵引力，必要时可通过配重使被牵引车辆
的试验质量符合要求。
5.4 装车行驶试验方法
水泥路。
驱动轮已安装汽车防滑链的试验车辆在满足上述要求的试验道路上行驶至少 80 km。
试验车辆行驶速度尽量保持在30km/h，瞬时行驶速度不应超过 50 km/h;在坡度不小于 5%的
坡道上至少完成一次坡道起步;每种路面行驶过程中应至少停车一次检査汽车防滑链对路面的损坏
情况;行驶过程中，应避免紧急制动、急加速、急转弯、连续空转等操作;试验过程中应注意观察试验
车辆是否有异常情况，若出现汽车防滑链断裂、与轮胎之间连续打滑、与试验车辆有干涉等情况，应
停止试验。
6 同一型式的判定
指防滑链在以下方面无实质差异的为同一型式:
材料
结构。
7 包 装
制造厂商名称、产品名称、型号、商标、安装防滑链后突出轮胎胎面的高度、适用轮胎规格应永久
地固定在包装上。包装内应有合格证、产品使用说明书及配套的装卸工具。
QC/T 1057-2017
Snow chains for vehicle
Car snow chains
range
This standard specifies the terms and definitions, requirements, test methods, the same type of judgment and packaging requirements for automotive snow chains.
This standard applies to Ml car snow chains.
Normative references 2
The following documents are essential for the application of this standard. For dated references, only the dated version applies
This standard. For undated references, the latest version (including all amendments) is applicable to this standard.
GB/T 12534 General rules for automotive road test methods
GB 21670 Technical requirements and test methods for brake systems of passenger cars
3 terms and definitions
Column F terms and definitions apply to this standard.
3.1
Snow chains for vechicle
A device installed on automobile tires to increase tire and road grip.
3.2
Packed snow covered track
A flat straight track of compacted snow of at least 500 m in length and 50 m in width, with a slope of < 2%, the snow compaction index measured by the CTI needle anthropometer (see attached
Record A) is 70 ~ 80.
3.3
Ice covered track
A flat straight track with a length of at least.200 m, a width of 20 m, and an ice surface friction coefficient of 0.1-0.2, with a slope of < 2%.
4 Requirements
4.1 General requirements
4.1.1 The appearance of automobile snow chains should be complete, without cracks and delamination, and there should be no sharp corners that damage the road surface; the surface of the snow chains should be free of rust
Corrosion, no plating fall-off, no cracks, no extrusion deformation; should be assembled tightly.
4.1.2 The loading and unloading of automobile snow chains should be quick and convenient.
4.1.3 The automobile snow chains should not damage the tires during installation, use and removal.
4.1.4 After the car snow chain is installed, the side surface protruding from the inner side of the tire should not be larger than 20mm, and the side surface protruding from the outer side of the tire should not be large
To 25 mm.
4.1.5 After the car snow chain is installed, it should not interfere with the vehicle during driving.
4.2 Performance requirements
4.2.1 Braking performance requirements.
When testing in accordance with 5.2, the MFDDCMFDD of a vehicle snow chain test vehicle installed on a compacted snow straight road is sufficient for vehicle braking
The average deceleration issued, see GB 21670) and the MFDD ratio of the same test vehicle without a car snow chain should be not less than
1.3.
MFDD of an automobile snow chain test vehicle installed on an ice straight road and MFDD of an automobile snow chain-free vehicle installed in the same test vehicle
The ratio should be no less than 1.3.
4.2.2 Traction performance requirements.
When tested in accordance with 5.3, the maximum traction of a vehicle snow chain test vehicle installed on a compacted snow straight road is the same as that of the same test vehicle.
The maximum traction ratio of the automobile snow chains should not be less than 1.2.
4.2.3 Loading requirements.
When testing in accordance with 5.4, the test vehicle equipped with the automobile snow chains shall drive at least 80 km on the specified test road,
Drive at least 20km on icy asphalt or concrete roads.
The test vehicle should be able to start normally on climbing roads. During the test, the tires installed with the car's snow chains should not continuously skid.
The pavement should not be damaged, the car snow chains should not break during the test, and the car snow chains should be complete after the test.
5 Test method
5.1 Test conditions
5.1.1 Environmental conditions.
Test ambient temperature.-15 ° C or less.
5.1.2 Meteorological conditions.
The test should be snow-free and fog-free; the wind speed is not greater than 5 m/s during the test.
5.1.3 Test vehicle.
The test vehicle is a two-wheel drive four-wheel passenger vehicle equipped with ABS system. The vehicle condition should meet the technical requirements of the vehicle. The vehicle load is
Ready quality plus two testers in the front row and necessary test equipment. The test tires should be new ordinary tires (not winter tires).
Set as recommended by the manufacturer. The test vehicle shall drive at least 100 km on dry asphalt or cement road before the test. Coping wheel before test
Clean the tire surface.
The test vehicle shall have a traction function.
5.1.4 Test site
5.1.4.1 Compacted snow straight.
Compacted snow straight thickness is 60
The layer is a medium-heavy compacted snow layer with a thickness of 25 mm to 50 mm (see Appendix B).
5.1.4.2 Straight ice.
Before the start of the Ice Straight, there is at least 300 m of runway with the same width as the ice straight.
A 50 m wide safety zone should have a 10 m wide safety zone on the left and right sides of the entire runway.
5.1.5 Test equipment.
The test instrument should meet the requirements of 3.5 in GB/T 12534, and the MFDD should use an accuracy of ± 1% at the specified test speed.
MFDD can be measured by other methods besides measuring vehicle speed. In this case, the accuracy of its test equipment should be within
Within 3%. The dynamometer accuracy should be ± 1%.
The braking performance test is a test vehicle that repeats a predetermined number of braking test operations (with the effect of ABS) in a short period of time.
The dynamic performance test results are the average of these test data.
The test vehicle was subjected to an emergency braking test with an initial velocity of 30 km/h on the compacted snow straight and ice straight, and the MFDD was recorded.
The peak pedal force should be no more than 500 N when braking on compact snow straight, and the peak pedal force should be no more than 800 N when braking on ice straight.
The pedal force should be kept as constant as possible. The compacted snow straight and ice straight braking tests were performed at least three times each.
The test wheels of the test vehicle were equipped with automobile snow chains, and the above operations were repeated.
Each braking performance test should avoid the previous test tire trajectory. If overlap is unavoidable, the test road surface should be reprocessed.
Note. The peak pedal force of each of the above braking performance tests should be as close as possible.
5.3 Traction performance test method
The average of these test data.
On the compacted snow straight road, the test vehicle and the towed vehicle are connected by a traction rope. The front row of the test vehicle rides 2 occupants (including driving
Driver), one driver in the front row of the towed vehicle. After the test vehicle started, it kept at a speed of 10 km/h ~ 30 km/h and was pulled.
Pull the vehicle slowly until the drive wheels of the test vehicle slip, record the maximum traction during the test, and test at least 3 times.
The drive wheels of the towing vehicle are equipped with a car snow chain, and the above operations are repeated.
Each braking test should avoid the previous test tire trajectory, and if overlap is unavoidable, the test road surface should be reprocessed.
The test quality of the towed vehicle should ensure that the test vehicle can produce the maximum traction force, and the towed vehicle can be made by counterweight if necessary
The test quality meets the requirements.
5.4 Loading test method
cement road.
The test vehicle with driving wheels and car snow chains installed shall run at least 80 km on the test road that meets the above requirements.
The driving speed of the test vehicle should be kept at 30km/h as far as possible, and the instantaneous driving speed should not exceed 50 km/h;
Complete the ramp start at least once on the ramp; stop at least once during each type of road driving and check the car's snow chains for damage to the road
Conditions; during driving, avoid emergency braking, rapid acceleration, sharp turns, continuous idling, etc .; observe the test during the test.
If there is any abnormality in the vehicle, if the car's snow chains break, continuous slipping with the tires, or interference with the test vehicle, etc.,
Stop the test.
6 Judgment of the same type
Refers to the same type of snow chains without substantial differences in the following aspects.
material
structure.
7 Packaging
Manufacturer name, product name, model, trademark, height of protruding tire tread after installing snow chains, applicable tire specifications should be permanent
Ground to the packaging. There should be a certificate of conformity, product instruction manuals and supporting loading and unloading tools in the package.
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