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汽车用开关通用技术条件
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QCT 198-2014
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标准编号: QC/T 198-2014 (QC/T198-2014)
中文名称: 汽车用开关通用技术条件
英文名称: General technical specification for automotive switch
行业: 汽车行业标准 (推荐)
中标分类: T36
国际标准分类: 43.040.10
字数估计: 18,112
发布日期: 2014/5/6
实施日期: 2014/10/1
旧标准 (被替代): QC/T 198-1995
引用标准: GB/T 2423.8; GB/T 2828.1; GB/T 4094; GB/T 4094.2; GB 8410; GB/T 9286; GB/T 30038-2013; GB/T 16422.2; GB 18655; GB/T 21437.2; GB/T 28046; QC/T 413; QC/T 423; ISO 11452-1
起草单位: 杭州人人集团有限公司
归口单位: 全国汽车标准化技术委员会
标准依据: 工业和信息化部公告2014年第32号;;行业标准备案公告2015年第2号(总第182号)
发布机构: Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People's Republic of China
范围: 本标准规定了汽车用开关的定义、要求、试验方法、检验规则、标志、包装、运输及贮存, 本标准适用于标称电压12V、24V的汽车用开关。
QC/T 198-2014: 汽车用开关通用技术条件
QC/T 198-2014 英文名称: General technical specification for automotive switch
中华人民共和国汽车行业标准
QC/T 198—2014
代替 QC/T 198—1995
汽车用开关通用技术条件
中华人民共和国工业和信息化部发布
1范围
本标准规定了汽车用升关的定义、要求、试验方法、检验规则、标志、包装、运输及储存。
本标准适用于标称电压12V.24V的汽车用开关（以下简称开关）。
2规范性引用文件
下列文件对于本文件的应用是必不可少的。凡是注日期的引用文件，仅所注日期的版本适用于 本文件。
凡是不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改単）适用于本文件。
4要求
4.1通用要求
4.1.1 一般要求。
开关应符合本标准的规定，并按照规定程序批准的图样及技术文件制造。
开关使用的图形符号应符合GB 4094、GB 4094.2的规定。图案雕刻、印刷或者颜色标记镶嵌端 正清晰。
有照明特性要求的开关,要求透光均匀，无漏光。色标、亮度符合图纸要求。
4.1.2标记。
产品上应有明显的标记。标记的内容、区域应在产品图上予以明确。开关各接线柱标记应符合 QC/T423或按产品标准要求。
4.1.3外观。
开关不得有裂纹及影响外观的缺陷。卡扣处、铆接处和螺钉连接处不得有松动或自行松脱现象。
4.1.4外形及安装尺寸。
开关的外形及安装尺寸应符合按规定程序批准的图样及技术文件的要求。
4.2工作制式
开关的定额类别及短时定额的时限应在各类开关标准中注明。
4.3工作环境条件
开关的工作温度范围，根据安装部位应符合表1的规定（日光照射区域指仪表板整面、方向盘 上、车门侧）。
4.4开关的防护等级
开关的外壳防护等级应符合GB/T 28046.4中的第7章的规定：IP5K0；或按各类开关标准或图 纸中的规定。
4.5基本性能
4.5.1机械式开关的操作力。
开关在操作力作用时，应能迅速地接通或断开,无阻滞现象。操作力按各类开关标准或图纸执行。
对具有自动复位档位的开关，当外力消除后应能自动复位。
4.5.2电子式开关的工作电压。
开关的控制端施加工作电压值时，内部电路应导通或断开。 4.6开关触点电压降
开关触点电压降符合表2的规定或符合用户要求。
4.7开关机械强度
4.7.1按操作力方向施加力或旋转方向施加扭矩,开关不应出现故障或变形,试验后应符合本标准 4.5.1的规定。
4.7.2开关接线柱强度，按接线柱轴向施加拉力，开关没冇任何损坏，试验后应符合本标准4. 5. 1 的规定。
4.8开关触点额动时间
档位变化引起工作状态改变，使触点颤动，触点开始顧动至触点完全停止颤动,其触点颤动时间在30ms内（或按图纸要求）。
4.9升关表面油漆附着力
符合GB/T 9286中8.3的3级以上要求。
4.10噪声性能
操作开关时,开关没有异响,噪声小于或等于60dB（或按图纸要求）o
4.11电磁兼容性能（适用于电子式开关）
4.11.1电磁抗扰性。
4.11.1.1产品的电磁辐射抗扰性试验按ISO 11452-1附录A中A3. 1状态I的要求，在0.01MHz ~ 18000MHz试验
中和试验后应处于正常工作状态。
4.11.1.2产品的电瞬变传导的抗扰性应符合GB/T21437.2附录A中A. 4的功能状态B级以上 的要求,或按与用户
协商双方认可的规定。
4.11.2电磁骚扰性。
产品的电磁骚扰性应符合GB 18655中12.1的电源线骚扰限值表7中等级5、控制/信号线验扰 限值表9中等级5的规定。
4.12耐异常电压（电子式产品）
4.12.1高/低电压试验按GB/T 28046.2中的4.2进行试验,试验后应符合本标准4.5的规定。
4.12.2过电压试验按GB/T 28046. 2中的4. 3进行试验,试验后应符合本标准4. 5的规定。
4. 12.3 反向电压试验按GB/T 28046.2中的4. 7进行试验,试验后应符合本标准4.5的规定。
4.13耐电压性能
产品的耐电压性能应符合GB/T 28046. 2中4. 11.3的规定，不得出现击穿和电弧。试验后，
外 观及基本性能应符合本标准4. 1.3和4.5的规定。
4.14绝缘电阻性能
绝缘电阻应符合GB/T 28046.2中4.12.3的规定，绝缘电阻应大于10MQ。试验后，外观及基本
性能应符合本标准4.1.3和4.5的规定。
4.15自由跌落冲击性能
产品经自由跌落冲击性能试验后允许明显损坏，不允许冇隐性损坏，允许外売有微小损坏，
符合 GB/T 28046.3中4.3.3的规定，功能状态应达到GB/T 28046.1的C级，并应符合本标准4.5的规定或用户要求。
明显损坏的开关，功能不作要求。
4.16冇吿物质含髭
开关冇害物质铅、汞、镉、六价铭、聚漠二茉醞、聚漠联苯含鼠符合ROHS要求，铅、汞、
6价信、聚 漠二苯醒、聚浪联苯含量小于0.1 %,镉小于0.01%,当铅作为合金元素存在于钢、
铝、铜合金中时， 其在钢、铝、铜合金中的允许质量含量宜分别小于0.35%、0.4%、4%。
4.17产品耐温度性能
耐温度性能应符合GB/T 28046.4中5.1.1.2.3耐低温性能和5. 1.2.2.3耐高温性能的规定。
产品恢复常温后，其性能应符合本标准4.5的规定。
4.18产品耐温度变化性能
耐温度变化性能应符合GB/T 28046.4中5.3.1.3和5.3.2. 3的规定。产品恢复常温后，其性
能应符合本标准4.5的规定。
4.19产品耐温度、湿度循环变化性能
段都不工作，产品恢复常温后,其性能应符合本标准4.5、4.6、4.14的规定。
4.20开关的耐振动性能
产品的耐振动性能应符合GB/T 28046. 3中4.1的规定。试验后，外观及基本性能应符合本标 准4.1.3和4.5的规定。
4.21防尘/防水性能
开关应符合CB/T30038—2013中8.3.3.1和8.4.2的要求，防护等级按本标准4.4的要求。试验后，
检査基本性能及绝缘电阻，应符合本标准4.5和4.14的规定。
4.22耐饮料/化学性能（仅对装在乘客舱表而的开关） 4.22.1耐饮料性能。
开关按要求进行饮料表面试验。试验后，开关性能良好,无卡滞现象;无明显褪色现象,无影响使用的变形，
标识符号无损伤。
开关按GB/T 28046. 5中第5章的要求进行化学试剂表面试验。试验后，开关性能良好,无卡滞 现象;
无明显褪色现象，无影响使用的变形，标识符号无损伤。
4.23耐盐雰性能
开关按GB/T28046.4中5.5进行试验。持续时冋为48h,试验完毕开关恢夏常温后，检査基本 性能及耐电压、
绝缘电阻性能,应符合本标准4.5、4. 13.4.14的规定。
4.24阻燃性要求
符合GB 8410中第3章的要求，燃烧速度不大于100mm/min,或按产品标准要求。
4.25耐光照性能（仅对日光照射区域的开关）
表面承受200h辐射后，没有明显褪色。
按GB/T 28046.4中5. 8进行试验,试验后应符合本标准4.5,4.6的规定。
4.27耐久性能
开关按装车方式安装在专用试验台上，按表3在试验电压下，通以额定电流，并在高温、低温和 常温状态下进行试验，
耐久性可按各类开关标准的具体规定，一般标准为50000次，次数分配为高温 20%、低温20%、
常温60% 。试验后，开关在常温常湿下进行检査,应符合本标准4.5.4.6的规定，
其 电压降允许増加。但不大于表2规定的167% （如图纸冇明确要求时，则按图纸要求执行）。
QC/T 198-2014
QC
AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY STANDARD
OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 43.040.10
T 36
Replacing QC/T 198-1995
General technical specification for automotive switch
ISSUED ON. MAY 06, 2014
IMPLEMENTED ON. OCTOBER 01, 2014
Issued by. Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the
People's Republic of China
3. No action is required - Full-copy of this standard will be automatically &
immediately delivered to your EMAIL address in 0~60 minutes.
Announcement of Ministry of Industry and
Information Technology of the People's Republic of China
2014 No.32
Ministry of Industry and Information Technology approved 1208 industry
standards such as the “Stickers label printing press” (standard number, name,
main content and the date of implementation are as shown in Appendix 1),
including 471 mechanical industry standards, 32 automotive industry
standards, 70 ship industry standards, 111 aviation industry standards, 137
chemical industry standards, 69 metallurgy Industry standards, 30 building
materials industry standards, 14 petrochemical industry standards, 6
non-ferrous metal industry standards, 89 light industry standards, 49 textile
industry standards, 79 ordnance civilian industry standards, 15 nuclear
industry standards, 2 electronic industry standards, and 34 communication
industry standards. It also approved 39 metallurgical industry standard
samples including the “Manganese silicon alloy (FeMn68Si16)” (standard
sample catalog and composition content are as shown in Appendix 2).
The above mechanical industry standards are published by the Machinery
Industry Publishing House, the automotive industry standards and chemical
industry, non-ferrous metal engineering construction industry standards are
published by the China Planning Publishing House, the ship industry standards
are published by the China Shipbuilding Industry Integrated Technology and
Economic Research Institute, the aviation industry standards are published by
China Aviation Institute of Integrated Technology Institute, the chemical
industry standards are published by the Chemical Publishing House, the
metallurgical industry standards are published by the Metallurgical Industry
Press, the building materials industry standards are published by the Building
Materials Industry Press, the petrochemical industry standards are published
by the China Petrochemical Publishing House, the light industry standards are
published by the China Light Industry Press, the textile industry standards are
published by the China Standard Publishing House, the ordnance civilian
industry standards are published by the China Ordnance Industry
Standardization Institute, the nuclear industry standards are published by the
Institute of Nuclear Industry Standardization Organization, the electronics
industry standards are published by the Electronics Industry Standardization
Institute of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the
communications industry standards are published by the People's Posts and
Telecommunications Press, AND the communications engineering
construction industry standards are published by the Beijing University of
Posts and Telecommunications Press.
Appendix.
Number, name, and date of implementation of 32 automotive industry
standards
No. Standard number Standard name Number of standard replaced
Date of
implementation
1 QC/T 231-2014 Specification of kick-starter for motorcycles and mopeds QC/T 231-1997
October 01,
2 QC/T 233-2014
Performance and measurement
method for static intensity of
motorcycles and mopeds
QC/T 233-1997 October 01, 2014
3 QC/T 66-2014 Wet clutch for moped and motorcycles QC/T 66-1993 October 01, 2014
4 QC/T 962-2014 Technical specifications for coating of motorcycles and moped
October 01,
5 QC/T 680-2014
voltage regulators for motorcycles and
moped
QC/T 680-2002 October 01, 2014
6 QC/T 963-2014 Drum brakes of motorcycles and mopeds wheels
October 01,
7 QC/T 234-2014
General technical specifications for
steering shaft for motorcycles and
moped
8 QC/T 964-2014 The strength of plastic seats and their anchorages for city buses
October 01,
9 QC/T 644-2014 Technical specifications for automotive metallic fuel tank
QC/T 644-2000
QC/T 488-2000
October 01,
10 QC/T 965-2014 Driver of electric rear-view mirrors for motor vehicles
October 01,
11 QC/T 966-2014 Technical specifications for automotive plastic parts coatings
12 QC/T 459-2014 Truck with loading crane QC/T 459-2004 October 01, 2014
13 QC/T 29106-2014
Technical specification of automobile
wire harness QC/T 29106-2004
October 01,
14 QC/T 198-2014 General technical specification for automotive switch QC/T 198-1995
October 01,
15 QC/T 220-2014 Technical specifications for automotive fusible links QC/T 220-1996
October 01,
17 QC/T 968-2014
Determination methods of platinum,
palladium and rhodium contents in
metallic catalytic converters
October 01, 2014
18 QC/T 969-2014 Interior truck release for compartment of a passenger car
October 01,
19 QC/T 636-2014 Electric window regulator specification for vehicles QC/T 636-2000
October 01,
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 7
1 Scope ... 10
2 Normative references ... 10
3 Terms and definitions ... 11
4 Requirements ... 11
5 Test methods ... 17
6 Inspection rules ... 23
7 Marking, packaging, transportation and storage ... 25
This standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009
“Directives for standardization – Part 1. Structure and drafting of standards”.
This standard shall, from the date of implementation, replace QC/T 198-1995.
As compared with QC/T 198-1995, the main changes of this standard are as
follows.
- DELETE the interchangeability test in clause 4.16 of the original version.
- ADD the definition of mechanical switches and electronic switches
(chapter 3 of this version).
- ADD the lighting feature requirements (clause 4.1.1 of this version).
- MODIFY the switch ambient temperature range (clause 3.10 of original
version; clause 4.3 of this version).
- MODIFY the enclosure protection degree (clause 3.9 of original version;
clause 4.4 of this version).
- MODIFY the main contact-point voltage drop (clause 3.22 of original
version; clause 4.6 of this version).
- ADD the mechanical strength requirements for switch (clause 4.7 of this
version).
- ADD the contact-point vibration time test (clause 4.8 of this version).
original version; clause 4.9 of this version).
- ADD the noise performance test (clause 4.10 of this version).
- ADD the electromagnetic compatibility requirements (clause 4.11 of this
version).
- ADD the abnormal voltage resistance requirements (clause 4.12 of this
version).
- MODIFY the voltage withstanding performance test (clause 3.21 of original
version; clause 4.13 of this version).
General technical specification for automotive switch
This standard specifies the definition, requirements, test methods, inspection
rules, marking, packaging, transportation and storage of automotive switches.
This standard applies to the automotive switches having a nominal voltage of
12V and 24V (hereinafter referred to as switch).
2 Normative references
The following documents are essential to the application of this document. For
the dated documents, only the versions with the dates indicated are applicable
to this document; for the undated documents, only the latest version (including
all the amendments) are applicable to this Standard.
Part 2. Test methods – Test Ed. Free fall
GB/T 2828.1 Sampling procedures for inspection by attributes – Part 1.
Sampling schemes indexed by acceptance quality limit (AQL) for lot-by-lot
inspection
GB/T 4094 Automobile – Symbols for controls, indicators and tell-tales
GB/T 4094.2 Electric vehicles - Symbols for controls, indicators and
tell-tales
GB 8410 Flammability of automotive interior materials
GB/T 9286 Paints and varnishes – Cross cut test for films
Protection of electrical equipment against foreign objects, water, and access
GB/T 16422.2 Plastics – Methods of exposure to laboratory light sources –
Part 2. Xenon-arc sources
GB 18655 Limits and methods of measurement of radio disturbance
characteristics for the protection of receivers used on board vehicles
It shall comply with the level 3 above requirements of clause 8.3 in GB/T 9286.
4.10 Noise per...
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