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标准编号: QC/T 895-2011 (QC/T895-2011) 中文名称: 电动汽车用传导式车载充电机 英文名称: On-board conductive charger for electric vehicles 行业: 汽车行业标准 (推荐) 中标分类: T35 国际标准分类: 43.040 字数估计: 24,291 发布日期: 2011-12-20 实施日期: 2012-07-01 引用标准: GB/T 191; GB/T 2423.17-2008; GB 4208-2008; GB/T 15139-1994; GB 17625.1-2003; GB/Z 17625.6-2003; GB/T 18384.3-2001; GB/T 18487.1; GB/T 18487.3-2001; GB/T 18488.1-2006; GB/T 19596; GB/T 19826-2005; GB/T 20234.2-2011; QC/T 413-2002 起草单位: 深圳市比亚迪汽车有限公司 归口单位: 全国汽车标准化技术委员会 标准依据: 工业和信息化部公告2011年第43号;行业标准备案公告2012年第5号(总第149号) 范围: 本标准规定了电动汽车传导式车载充电机(以下简称车载充电机)的基本构成、参数、要求、试验方法、检验规则及标志、包装、运输和储存。本标准适用于纯电动汽车和可外接充电的混合动力电动汽车用的车载充电机。
QC/T 895-2011: 电动汽车用传导式车载充电机
QC/T 895-2011 英文名称: On-board conductive charger for electric vehicles
中华人民共和民汽车行业标准
QC/T895-2011
电动汽车用传导式车载充电机
中华人民共和国工业和信息化部发布
1 范围
本标准规定了电动汽车传导式车载充电机(以下简称车载充电机)的基本构成、参数、要求、试 验方法、检验规则及标志、包装、运输和储存。
本标准适用于纯电动汽车和可外接充电的混合动力电动汽车用的车载充电机。
2 规范性引用文件
下列文件对于本标准的应用是必不可少的。凡是注日期的引用文件,仅所注日期的版本适用于 本标准。
凡是不注日期的引用文件,
其最新版本(包括所有的修改单)适用于本标准。
3 术语和定义
GB/T 19596、GB/T18487.1界定的以及下列术语和定义适用于本标准。
4 基本构成
车载充电机由交流输入接口、功率单元、控制单元、直流输出接口等部分组成,充电过程中宜由 车载充电机提供电池管理系统(BMS)、
充电接触器、仪表盘、冷却系统等低压用电电源。车载充电机
连接示意图如图1所示。
5 参 数
5.1 额定输入电压、额定输入电流
车载充电机输入电压、电流等级见表1。
5.2 输出电压推荐值
推荐将车载充电机输出电压等级按照表2分为6级。
6 要 求
6.1 一般规定
6.1.1 车载充电机外表面应平整,应无明显的划伤、变形等缺陷;表面涂镀层应均匀。
6.1.2 铭牌、标志安装端正牢固,字迹清晰。
6.1.3 零部件应紧固可靠,应无锈蚀、毛刺、裂纹等缺陷和损伤。
6.1.4 车载充电机结构的强度与刚度应符合GB/T 15139— 1994 中6.5的要求。
6.1.5 车载充电机宜参照GB/T 20234.2—2011附录A 设计控制导引电路。
6.1.6 车载充电机宜具有与电池管理系统等进行信息交互的CAN 通信功能,波特率可为125kbps 或250kbps或500kbps。
6.2 环境要求
6.2.1 湿度:
相对湿度5%~95%,无冷凝,无结露。
6.2.2 温度:
车载充电机的工作温度及储存温度范围应符合表3要求。
6.3 输人电压和频率
6.3.1 输入电压范围:
在额定输入电压的±15%范围内,车载充电机应能正常工作。
注:正常工作是指充电机的充电、通信、显示及各项保护功能都应正常,不允许有功能丧失,以下同。
6.3.2 输入频率范围:
输入电压频率在50Hz±2% 范围内,车载充电机应能正常工作。
6.4 功能要求
6.4.1 充电功能:
6.4.1.1 在6.2以及6.3规定的条件下,车载充电机应能够为车载储能装置充电。
6.4.1.2 车载充电机充电过程不应对车载储能装置及人员造成伤害。
6.4.2 限压特性和限流特性:
6.4.2.1 限压特性:
车载充电机运行时,当输出电压达到限压设定值时,应自动限制其输出电压的增加。
6.4.2.2 限流特性:
车载充电机运行时,当输出电流达到限流设定值时,应自动限制其输出电流的增加。
6.4.3 保护功能:
6.4.3.1 过压保护:
车载充电机输入或输出电压大于过压保护值时,应关闭输出,并报警提示。故障排除后,应具备
自动恢复功能。
6.4.3.2 欠压保护:
车载充电机输入或输出电压小于欠压保护值时,应关闭输出,并报警提示。故障排除后,应具备
自动恢复功能。
6.4.3.3 短路保护:
车载充电机在启动前,输出短路时,通电后应不启动,并报警提示;在工作的过程中,输出短路 时,应关闭输出,并报警提示。故障排除后,车载充电机应能正常工作。
6.4.3.4 过温保护:
车载充电机温度采样点温度超过过温保护设定值时,应自动进入过温保护状态,并降低功率运 行或停机。
车载充电机温度恢复正常后,应具备自动恢复功能。
6.4.3.5反接保护:
对于输出端口未做防反处理的车载充电机,直流输出端与车载储能装置的正负极反接时,通电 后应不启动,并报警提示。
故障排除后,车载充电机应能正常工作。
6.4.3.6电位均衡和接地保护:
车载充电机中人体可直接触及的可导电部分与电位均衡点之间的电阻不应大于0.1Q。 车载充
电机的接地点应有明显的接地标志。
6.4.3.7断电保护:
车载充电机应具备异常情况下快速切断供电电源的功能。
6.4.4低压供电功能:
对于带有低压辅助电源的车载充电机,低压辅助电源应提供标称值为12V 或24V 的直流电压,
其直流电压纹波系数应不大于1%。
6.5 高压电气性能要求
6.5.1 启动冲击电流:
车载充电机的启动冲击电流(车载充电机输入电流)不应大于工作时输入电流最大值的150%。
6.5.2 输出电压误差:
车载充电机在恒压输出状态下运行时,其输出电压与设定电压的误差应为±1%。
车载充电机在恒流输出状态下运行时,其输出电流与设定电流的误差应为±5%。
6.5.4 电压纹波系数:
车载充电机的电压纹波系数应为±5%。
6.5.5 功率因数和充电效率:
6.5.5.1车载充电机在额定输入电压、额定负载的状态下,效率应不低于90%。
6.5.5.2车载充电机在额定输入电压、额定负载的状态下,功率因数应不低于0.92。
6.5.6 输出响应时间:
车载充电机输出电压的上升时间应小于5s,超调量应小于10%。在接收到关机命令后,在
300ms 内电流降到10%以下、500ms 内降到0A。
6.6.1 绝缘性能:
车载充电机的绝缘性能应符合以下规定:
a) 各独立电路与地(金属外壳)之间的绝缘电阻应不小于10MQ;
b) 无电气联系的各电路之间的绝缘电阻应不小于10MQ。
6.6.2 介电强度:
车载充电机各独立电路与地(即金属外壳)之间、无电气联系的各电路之间,按照7.6.2进行介
电强度试验,不应出现击穿或闪络现象。
6.6.3 电气间隙和爬电距离
车载充电机的电气间隙和爬电距离应符合GB/T 18488.1—2006中表3的要求。
6.7.1电磁抗扰性:
车载充电机在运行过程中电磁抗扰性应符合 GB/T18487.3—2001 中11.3.1的要求。
6.7.2 电磁骚扰性:
车载充电机在运行过程中产生的电磁骚扰性应符合GB/T 18487.3—2001 中11.3.2的要求。
6.7.3 谐波电流:
6.7.3.1 输入单相电流小于或等于16A 时,车载充电机产生的谐波电流含量应符合GB 17625.1— 2003中6.7.3.1的要求。
6.7.3.2 输入单相电流大于16A 时,车载充电机产生的谐波电流含量以及总谐波畸变率应符合 GB/Z17625.6—2003 中6.7.3.2的要求。
6.8 环境性能要求
6.8.1 耐振动性能:
6.8.2 耐冲击性能:
车载充电机按7.9.2试验后,其性能不应降低,不应因永久或暂时变形而使带电部分和外壳相 接触。
6.8.3 耐工业溶剂性能:
车载充电机按7.8.3进行试验,试验后不应出现腐蚀缺陷。
6.8.4 IP 防护等级:
车载充电机的IP 防护等级应符合QC/T413—2002 中3.6的规定,具体防护等级按照车身布局 的要求来设定,
最低不应低于IP20B。
6.8.5 防盐雾性能:
车载充电机应能经受7.9.5规定的盐雾试验,在试验结束并静置后应能正常工作。
按照7.9测得车载充电机及其冷却系统的工作噪声最大值应不大于65 dB(A 级)。
6.10 耐久性
按照7.10要求进行试验,产品在试验过程中应能持续正常工作。
7 试验方法
7.1 试验条件
7.1.1 环境条件:
无特殊规定时,试验应在下面的环境条件下进行:
—温度:18℃~28℃;
—相对湿度:45%~75%;
7.1.2 测量仪器、仪表:
推荐使用表4中规定的的测量仪器、仪表,测量仪器、仪表的精度应高于测试样品参数精度的3 倍以上。
7.1.3 车载充电机的基本状态:
7.1.3.1 无特殊规定时,车载充电机在连接电阻性负载的条件下进行测试。
7.1.3.2 7.5中规定的测试(启动冲击电流试验除外)应在车载充电机通电工作稳定后进行。
注:工作稳定状态是指3个间隔不少于10min的连续温度读数中任何两个变化不大于2℃。
7.2 环境试验
7.2.1 湿度试验:
按 QC/T413—2002 中3.11的规定进行,应进行2个循环;试验过程中,在0℃~45℃时,车载充
7.2.2 温度试验:
7.2.2.1 低温工作试验:
将车载充电机放入初始温度为室温的温箱中,调节温箱温度使其达到-20℃±2℃后,使车载充
电机处于满载工作状态并持续2h,在试验期间和试验结束后,车载充电机应能正常工作。
7.2.2.2 低温储存试验:
将车载充电机放入初始温度为室温的温箱中,调节温箱温度使其达到-30℃±2℃后保持4h,之 后将车载充电机从低温箱中取出,
放置在7.1.1规定的环境条件中1h。试验结束后,车载充电机应能正常工作。
QC/T 895-2011
ICS 43.040
T 35
QC
INDUSTRY STANDARD
OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
QC/T 895–2011
On-board conductive charger for
electric vehicles
ISSUED ON. DECEMBER 20, 2011
IMPLEMENTED ON. JULY 01, 2012
Issued by. The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People's
Republic of China
Announcement of the Ministry of
Industry and Information Technology of
the People's Republic of China
[2011] No. 43
The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology has approved 1081 industrial
standards such as "Water Cooled Tubular Heat Exchangers" (standard number, name,
main content and implementation date are detailed in Attachment 1) and 19 non-ferrous
and metallurgy professional standard samples (see Attachment 2), including. 258
chemical industry standards, 7 petrochemical standards, 43 metallurgy standards
(including 11 standard samples), 148 non-ferrous standards (including 8 standard
samples), 92 building material standards, 11 rare earth standards, 3 gold industrial
standards, 85 textile standards, 125 light industry standards, 49 automotive standards,
177 machinery standards and 102 communication standards. They are announced now.
The above chemical industry standards are published by Chemical Industry Press; the
petrochemical standards are published by Sinopec Press; the metallurgy standards are
published by Metallurgical Industry Press; the non-ferrous, gold, rare earth and textile
standards are published by China Standards Press; the building material standards are
published by China Building Materials Press; the light industry standards are published by
China Light Industry Press; the machinery standards are published by China Machine
Press; the automotive standards are published by China Planning Press; and the
communication standards are published by Posts & Telecom Press.
Attachment. Number, Name and Implementation Date of 49 Automotive Standards
Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People's Republic of China
December 20, 2011
Attachment.
Number, Name and Implementation Date of
49 Automotive Standards
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 7
1 Scope ... 8
2 Normative References ... 8
3 Terms and definitions ... 9
4 Basic components ... 10
5 Parameters ... 11
6 Requirements ... 12
7 Test method ... 17
8 Inspection rules ... 26
9 Marking, packaging, transportation and storage ... 29
Annex A (Normative) Control guide circuit ... 31
Foreword
This standard was drafted in compliance with the rules in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This standard was proposed by and under the jurisdiction of the National Technical
Committee on Road Vehicles of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 114).
Drafting organizations of this standard. Shenzhen BYD Company Limited, China
Automotive Technology & Research Centre, Tianjin Qingyuan Electric Vehicle Co., Ltd,
Chery Automobile Co., Ltd, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University,
Beiqi Foton Motor Co., Ltd, Chongqing Changan New Energy Automobile Co., Ltd,
Wanxiang EV Co., Ltd., and Tianjin Lishen Battery Joint-stock Co., Ltd.
Chief drafting staffs of this standard. Zhang Jianhua, Wei Yu, Meng Xiangfeng, Zhao
Chunming, Niu Liyong, Hu Hao, Yuan Changrong, He Yuntang, Niu Kaihua, Li Lei, Zeng
Xiangbing, Liu Peng, Huang Yu, and Zhang Na.
On-board conductive charger for
electric vehicles
1 Scope
This standard specifies the basic structure, parameters, requirements, test methods,
inspection rules and markings, packaging, transport and storage of on-board conductive
charger for electric vehicles (hereinafter referred to as on-board charger).
hybrid electric vehicles which are external rechargeable.
2 Normative References
The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this standard,
constitute provisions of this standard. For the dated references, all the subsequent
amendment lists (excluding the content of corrigendum) or revisions do not apply to this
standard; however, the involved parties who enter into agreements based on this standard
are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the latest editions of the
standards indicated below. For the undated references, the latest edition applies to this
standard.
GB/T 2423.17 Basic environmental testing procedures for electric and electronic
products - Test Ka. Salt mist
GB 4208-2008 Degrees of protection provided by enclosure(IP code)
GB/T 15139-1994 General technical standard for electrical equipment structure
GB 17625.1-2003 Electromagnetic compatibility-Limits - Limits for harmonic current
emissions (equipment input current≤16A per phase)
GB/Z 17625.6-2003 Electromagnetic compatibility--Limits--Limitation of emission of
harmonic currents in low-voltage power supply systems for equipment with
rated current greater than 16A
persons against electric hazards
GB/T 18487.1 Electric vehicle conductive charging system--Part 1. General
requirements
GB/T 18487.3 Electric vehicle conductive charging system A.C./D.C. Electric vehicle
charging station
GB/T 18488.1-2006 The electrical machines and controllers for electric vehicles -
Part 1. General specification
GB/T 19596 Terminology of electric vehicles
GB/T 19826-2005 General specification and safety requirement for DC power
GB/T 20234.2-2011 Connection set of conductive charging for electric
vehicles—Part 2. AC charging coupler
QC/T 413-2002 Basic technical requirements for automotive electric equipment
3 Terms and definitions
Terms defined in GB/T 19596 and GB/T 18487.1 as well as following definitions and terms
apply to this standard.
3.1
On-board charger
Refers to a device that installed on the electric automobile, and can converted the power
can charge the on-board energy storage device.
3.2
Charging efficiency
The percentage of the ratio of the on-board charger DC output power and the AC input
active power.
3.3
Total harmonic distortion (THD)
The square-root of sum of squares of the ratio of the 2-th – 40-th harmonic current
component AND the fundamental current.
Im — The n-th harmonic current component.
I1 — Fundamental current.
protection value, it shall turn off the output and give the alarm. After troubleshooting, it
shall have the automatic recovery function.
6.4.3.3 Short-circuit protection.
When the output short circuit happened before starting the on-board charger, it shall not
start after powered on and shall give alarm. During operation, if the output short circuit
happened, the output shall be turned off and give alarm. After troubleshooting, the
on-board charger shall be able to work normally.
When the temperature at the temperature sampling point of the on-board charger exceeds
the set value of over temperature protection, it shall automatically enter into the state of
over temperature protection, and shall run at a reduced power or shut down. After the
on-board charger’s temperature returns to normal, it shall have the automatic recovery
function.
6.4.3.5 Reverse-connection Protection.
For the on-board charger of which the output port does not have anti-reverse, when the
DC output terminal and the polarity of on-board energy storage device are connected
reversely, it shall not be started and shall give alarm. After troubleshooting, the on-board
6.4.3.6 Potential equilibrium and ground protection.
The resistance between conductive parts that are directly accessible to the human body in
the on-board charger and the potential equilibrium shall not be greater than 0.1. The
on-board charger grounding point shall have obvious grounding sign.
6.4.3.7 Power-off protection.
The on-board charger shall have the function of cutting off the power supply quickly in the
exceptional circumstances.
6.4.4 Low voltage power supply function.
For the on-board charger with a low-voltage auxiliary power, the low voltage auxiliary
voltage ripple factor shall be less than 1%.
7.4.3.2.2 Output under-voltage protection.
At the voltage and frequency range conditions specified in 6.3, start up on-board charger
to make it run at constant current, and reduce the load resistance, making the output
voltage of the on-board charger lower than the DC under-voltage protect...
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